Rehydration with fructose worsens dehydration-induced renal damage

BMC Nephrology

Table 2 Effect of Fructose with or without Heat on Renal Disease

Parameters	Control	Fructose	Heat	Heat+F	Anova p values
Serum Creatinine (μg/ml)	0.38 ± 0.1	0.36 ± 0.1	0.69 ± 0.2	0.72 ± 0.2	P < 0.001
Urine Albumin (μg/mg of Cr)	26.1 ± 5.1	27.5 ± 7.5	54.3 ± 28.1	65.5 ± 32.3	P < 0.05
ACE Positivity % (proximal tubular brush border integrity)	10.3 ± 2.3	6.6 ± 1.8	6.9 ± 1.6	4.5 ± 3.1	P < 0.0001
Monocyte Accumulation (F4/80) %	0.13 ± 0.3	0.13 ± 0.2	0.25 ± 0.3	0.55 ± 0.6	P < 0.05
Interstitial Fibrosis (Coll-III) %	0.23 ± 0.1	0.28 ± 0.3	0.43 ± 0.3	0.53 ± 0.4	P < 0.0001

Comparisons: The serum creatinine of Control is lower than HEAT (P < 0.05) and HEAT+F group (P < 0.05) by Bonferroni. Fructose has lower serum creatinine than HEAT (P < 0.05) and HEAT+F (P < 0.05). Controls tends to have lower urinary albumin than HEAT+F (P = 0.055) and Fructose tends to be lower than HEAT+F (P = 0.051) by Bonferroni. Controls have more proximal tubular brush border (ACE positivity) than Fructose (P < 0.001), Heat (P < 0.001) and HEAT+F (P < 0.001) by Bonferroni. The Fructose group has more brush border (ACE positivity) than HEAT+F (P < 0.01). The HEAT group has more ACE positivity than HEAT+F group by t test (P < 0.001). Controls have significantly less interstitial macrophage accumulation than HEAT+F (P < 0.05) by Bonferroni. Controls have significantly less interstitial fibrosis than HEAT (P < 0.01) and HEAT+F (P < 0.001) by Bonferroni post hoc test

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