|
Prevention and Screening
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|
Prevention
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weight management
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
|
sodium restriction
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
|
protein restriction
| | | | |
–
| | | | |
|
smoking abstinence
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
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reducing excessive alcohol intake
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
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physical exercise
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
|
Screening
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|
asymptomatic
| |
–
|
–
| | | | | |
–
|
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diabetes
|
▪
| | |
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
|
hypertension
| | | |
▪
|
▪
|
▪
| |
▪
|
▪
|
|
cardiovascular disease
|
▪
| | |
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
▪
|
|
acute kidney injury
| | | |
▪
| | | |
+
|
▪
|
|
structural renal tract disease, renal calculi, prostate hypertrophia
| | | |
▪
| | | | |
▪
|
|
systemic illness (e.g. SLE, HIV)
| | | |
▪
| | | | |
▪
|
|
positive family history
| | | | |
▪
|
▪
| |
▪
|
▪
|
|
hematuria
|
▪
| | | | | | | |
▪
|
|
nephrotoxic drugs
| | | |
▪
| | | | |
▪*
|
|
smoking
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
|
age
| | | | | | |
> 55
| |
–
|
|
gender
| | | | | | | | |
–
|
|
ethnicity
| | | | |
▪
|
▪
| |
▪
|
–
|
|
obesity
| | | |
▪
|
▪
| | | |
–
|
|
occupational hazards
| | | |
▪
| | | |
▪
| |
|
socioeconomic disadvantage
| | | | |
▪
| | | | |
