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Table 4 Pre-post changes in primary and secondary outcomes

From: Meeting patients where they are: improving outcomes in early chronic kidney disease with tailored self-management support (the CKD-SMS study)

 

Time – Mean (SD)

Baseline

12 weeks

Diff (95% CI)

d

p

Person Variables

 KiKS

17.0 (5.0)

20.7 (3.8)

3.7 (2.7–4.8)

0.8

<.001

 Understanding of Physical Activity Guidelines

16.4 (2.5)

17.2 (2.3)

0.9 (0.1–1.6)

0.4

.02

Self-Efficacy

 SEMCD-6

6.7 (2.1)

7.44 (1.9)

0.8 (0.3–1.2)

0.4

<.01

Emotional Distress/Self-Appraisal

 DASS-21

  Depressionab

4.2c (4.1d)

3.0c (3.3d)

1.2 (0.1–2.1)

0.3e

.03

  Anxietyab

4.6c (4.1d)

4.4c (4.1d)

0.2 (−0.91–1.3)

0.1e

.70

  Stressab

5.7c (4.2d)

4.5c (3.6d)

1.2 (0.3–2.1)

0.3e

.01

Behaviour

 Aus.CKD-SM

47.0 (8.7)

53.2 (7.5)

6.2 (4.5–7.9)

0.8

<.001

  Self-Integration

13.7 (3.3)

15.8 (2.9)

2.2 (1.5–2.9)

0.7

<.001

  Seeking Support

8.3 (2.7)

9.2 (2.7)

1.0 (0.4–1.5)

0.4

<.001

  Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications

12.4 (2.8)

13.7 (2.7)

1.4 (0.8–2.0)

0.5

<.001

  Problem-Solving

12.7 (2.7)

14.4 (2.1)

1.7 (1.1–2.3)

0.7

<.001

HAP

 Maximum Activity Score

69.2 (15.6)

72.0 (14.8)

2.8 (0.6–5.0)

0.2

.01

 Adjusted Activity Score

59.4 (21.5)

62.4 (19.3)

3.0 (0.6–5.3)

0.2

.02

 Self-care

7.5 (1.6)

7.5 (1.5)

< 0.1 (−0.2–0.2)

< 0.1

.89

 Personal/Household Work

18.7 (6.6)

19.4 (5.9)

0.7 (− < 0.1–1.5)

0.1

.06

 Entertainment/Social

9.5 (2.8)

10.0 (2.6)

0.5 (< 0.1–0.9)

0.2

.04

 Independent Exercise

8.0 (6.5)

9.2 (6.8)

1.2 (0.1–2.2)

0.2

.04

AUDIT-C

2.4 (2.7)

2.0 (2.3)

0.3 (0.1–0.6)

0.1

.01

Fruit and Vegetables Consumed Yesterdaya

2.3 (1.5)

6.3 (3.0)

4.0 (3.3–4.8)

1.7

<.001

Communication with HCPsf

13.4 (2.9)

14.3 (2.3)

0.7 (0.2–1.6)

0.3

.01

Cigarettes per day (n = 4)

16.3 (4.8)

16.3 (4.8)

0.0 (−6.5–6.5)

< 0.001

.99

Outcomes

eGFR (n = 46)

55.2 (24.1)

51.3 (24.2)

3.9 (1.0–6.9)

0.7

.01

BP (n = 39) 88.5% at target (T0 and T1)

 Systolic

129.6 (23.3)

120.7 (15.8)

8.9 (2.9–14.9)

0.7

<.01

 Diastolic

74.8 (11.1)

70.5 (9.6)

4.3 (0.9–7.8)

0.6

.01

SF12

 PCS

41.3 (11.1)

44.5 (8.7)

3.2 (0.9–5.4)

0.3

.01

 MCS

51.9 (9.8)

50.9 (9.6)

−1.1 (−3.8–1.6)

0.1

.43

Weight (n = 37)

87.4 (30.6)

87.8 (30.6)

−0.4 (−1.1–0.4)

0.3

.32

  1. SD standard deviation, Diff mean difference, CI confidence interval
  2. d = Effect size (small ≥0.2; medium ≥0.5; large ≥0.8 [40])
  3. an = 56
  4. bWilcoxon Signed-Rank test results reported to deal with effects of violations of t-test assumptions
  5. cMedian
  6. dIQR
  7. er = Effect size (small ≥0.1; medium ≥0.3; large ≥0.5 [40])
  8. fn = 65