Table 1 Characteristics of the 8 included studies
Author | Type of study/ country | No. of subjects | Age (years) (SD) | Men (%) | Ischemic stroke cases (%) | AKI definition | CKD excluded? | NOS score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Covic et al., 2008 [19] | Observational, retrospective, Romania | 1090 | 66.1 ± 11.5 | 49.3 | 932 (85.5%) | Creatinine values; RIFLE | No | 7 (3, 2, 2) |
Khatri et al., 2014 [20] | Observational, retrospective, United States | 1357 | 64 ± 16 | 56.0 | 528 (38.9%) | Creatinine values; AKIN | GFR < 15 ml/min excluded | 6 (2, 2, 2) |
Lin et al., 2011 [21] | Observational, prospective, China | 2683 | 66.1 ± 13.59 (AF), 63.58 ± 13.64 (no AF) | 58.4 | 2683 (100%) | ICD-10 coding | No | 7 (3, 2, 2) |
Mohamed et al., 2015 [22] | Observational, retrospective, United States | 897 | 64.4 ± 14.7 | 44.0 | 897 (100%) | ICD-9 coding | No | 7 (3, 2, 2) |
Saeed et al., 2014 [23] | Observational, retrospective, United States (Nationwide Inpatient Sample data) | 7,068,334 | No AKI 71 ± 31, AKI 74 ± 28 | 46.1 | 7,068,334 (100%) | ICD-9 coding | Yes | 7 (3, 2, 2) |
Saeed et al., 2015 [24] | Observational, retrospective, United States (Nationwide Inpatient Sample data) | 614,454 | No AKI 69 ± 37, AKI 68 ± 34 | 52.2 | 0 (0%) (all cases were hemorrhagic stroke) | ICD-9 coding | Yes | 7 (3, 2, 2) |
Tsagalis et al., 2008 [25] | Observational, prospective, Greece | 2155 | 70.3 ± 11.9 | 61.2 | 1832 (85%) | Creatinine values; AKIN | No | 8 (4, 2, 2) |
Nadkarni et al., 2015 [26] | Observational, retrospective, United States (Nationwide Inpatient Sample data) | 4,634,682 | AIS No AKI 73 ± 0.2, AKI 66 ± 0.3 ICH No AKI 69.7 ± 0.13, AKI 65.4 ± 0.21 | AIS 50.0 ICH 60.0 | 3,937,928 (85%) | ICD-9 coding AKI-D only | No | 7 (3, 2, 2) |