Variables | Males (n = 5360) | Females (n = 6218) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reduced eGFR (n = 90) | Normal eGFR (n = 5270) | P value* | Reduced eGFR (n = 155) | Normal eGFR (n = 6063) | P value* | |
Age (years) | 68.78 ± 10.41 | 54.11 ± 10.64 | < .001 | 68.69 ± 8.87 | 52.99 ± 10.08 | < .001 |
Race (Han) (%) | 87 (96.7) | 4987 (94.6) | 0.394 | 152 (98.1) | 5747 (94.8) | 0.068 |
Education level (%) |  |  | < .001 |  |  | < .001 |
 Primary school or below | 57 (63.3) | 2177 (41.3) |  | 135 (87.1) | 3398 (56.0) |  |
 Middle school | 26 (28.9) | 2487 (47.2) |  | 18 (11.6) | 2187 (36.1) |  |
 High school or above | 7 (7.8) | 606 (11.5) |  | 2 (1.3) | 478 (7.9) |  |
Income level (CNY) (%) |  |  | < .001 |  |  | < .001 |
  ≤ 5000 | 28 (31.1) | 693 (13.1) |  | 41 (26.5) | 680 (11.2) |  |
 5000 – 20,000 | 45 (50.0) | 2827 (53.6) |  | 77 (49.7) | 3361 (55.4) |  |
  > 20,000 | 17 (18.9) | 1750 (33.2) |  | 37 (23.9) | 2022 (33.3) |  |
Diet score | 2.24 ± 0.96 | 2.55 ± 1.10 | 0.008 | 1.68 ± 1.03 | 2.15 ± 1.11 | < .001 |
Physical activity (%) |  |  | < .001 |  |  | < .001 |
 Low | 52 (57.8) | 1158 (22.0) |  | 100 (64.5) | 2133 (35.2) |  |
 Middle | 36 (40.0) | 3817 (72.4) |  | 42 (27.1) | 3587 (59.2) |  |
 High | 2 (2.2) | 295 (5.6) |  | 13 (8.4) | 343 (5.7) |  |
Current smoking (%) | 28 (31.1) | 3030 (57.5) | < .001 | 43 (27.7) | 987 (16.3) | < .001 |
Current alcohol intake (%) | 14 (15.6) | 2421 (45.9) | < .001 | 3 (1.9) | 180 (3) | 0.452 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.74 (5.35 – 6.67) | 5.60 (5.22 – 6.09) | 0.010 | 5.78(5.30 – 7.05) | 5.49 (5.12 – 5.99) | < .001 |
Serum uric acid (μmol/L) | 447.52 ± 122.56 | 331.80 ± 81.34 | < .001 | 363.21 ± 94.01 | 253.06 ± 64.66 | < .001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.41 (1.10 – 2.07) | 1.22 (0.86 – 1.88) | 0.006 | 1.86 (1.30 – 2.55) | 1.24 (0.89 – 1.88) | < .001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.21 ± 0.27 | 1.41 ± 0.42 | < .001 | 1.35 ± 0.41 | 1.41 ± 0.34 | 0.018 |
TG/HDL-C | 1.19 (0.80 – 2.11) | 0.91 (0.57 – 1.57) | < .001 | 1.42 (0.92 – 2.24) | 0.92 (0.59 – 1.51) | < .001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 161.58 ± 26.32 | 143.36 ± 22.43 | < .001 | 154.16 ± 26.14 | 139.79 ± 23.87 | < .001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 89.01 ± 16.20 | 83.69 ± 11.71 | 0.003 | 82.57 ± 14.77 | 80.52 ± 11.41 | 0.088 |
Height (cm) | 164.08 ± 5.56 | 166.46 ± 6.35 | < .001 | 152.91 ± 5.91 | 155.69 ± 6.06 | < .001 |
Weight (kg) | 68.52 ± 12.06 | 68.61 ± 11.10 | 0.940 | 58.08 ± 10.64 | 60.33 ± 10.11 | 0.006 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.36 ± 3.65 | 24.72 ± 3.54 | 0.091 | 24.77 ± 3.95 | 24.86 ± 3.76 | 0.778 |
WC (cm) | 87.05 ± 10.36 | 83.74 ± 9.75 | 0.003 | 84.07 ± 10.37 | 81.20 ± 9.71 | < .001 |
WHtR | 0.53 ± 0.06 | 0.50 ± 0.06 | < .001 | 0.55 ± 0.07 | 0.52 ± 0.06 | < .001 |
hypertension (%) | 74 (82.2) | 2818 (53.5) | < .001 | 120 (77.4) | 2907 (47.9) | < .001 |
diabetes (%) | 22 (24.4) | 508 (9.6) | < .001 | 41 (26.5) | 629 (10.4) | < .001 |
Anti-hypertensive drug (%) | 50 (55.6) | 641 (12.2) | < .001 | 73 (47.1) | 989 (16.3) | < .001 |
Anti-diabetic drug (%) | 13 (14.4) | 148 (2.5) | < .001 | 20 (12.9) | 278 (4.6) | < .001 |
Lipid-lowering drug (%) | 7 (7.8) | 159 (3.0) | 0.021 | 12 (7.7) | 202 (3.3) | 0.003 |
history of CVD (%) | 46 (51.1) | 781 (14.8) | < .001 | 62 (40.0) | 1092 (18.0) | < .001 |
history of kidney disease | 5 (5.6) | 60 (1.1) | < .001 | 11 (7.1) | 77 (1.3) | < .001 |
eGFR (ml/min per 1.73m2) | 54.81 (46.46 – 57.67) | 95.44 (87.00 – 103.44) | < .001 | 52.90 (46.89 – 57.47) | 93.23 (82.89 – 103.29) | < .001 |
LAP (cm·mmol/L) | 31.88 (18.63 – 51.35) | 21.79 (10.62 – 43.35) | 0.001 | 44.94 (26.00 – 77.56) | 27.84 (16.00 – 50.25) | < .001 |
VAI | 1.51 (1.00 – 2.60) | 1.12 (0.68 – 1.98) | < .001 | 2.68 (1.78 – 4.17) | 1.67 (1.06 – 2.78) | < .001 |
CMI | 0.62 (0.41 – 1.10) | 0.45 (0.27 – 0.82) | < .001 | 0.81 (0.49 – 1.26) | 0.47 (0.29 – 0.81) | < .001 |