Effect of valerian on cognitive disorders and electroencephalography in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, cross over, double-blind clinical trial

Table 2 Mean and SD of cognitive scores groups A and B in first and second periods

Index	group	First Period						Second Period
		Before intervention			After intervention				Before intervention			After intervention
		N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	P-value	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	P-value
Orientation	A^a	19	9.68	0.58	19	9.95	0.23	0.059	17	9.94	0.24	17	9.94	0.24	1.00
	B	20	9.50	1.10	20	9.60	1.00	0.157	20	9.60	1.05	20	9.85	0.27	0.101
	P-value	–	0.923		–	0.428			–	0.619		–	0.641
Immediate memory	A^a	19	2.95	0.23	19	3.00	0.00	0.317	17	3.00	–	17	3.00	0.00	1.00
	B	20	2.75	0.44	20	2.85	0.37	0.157	20	2.75	0.64	20	2.80	0.62	0.317
	P-value	–	0.296		–	0.428		–	–	0.442		–	0.619
Concentration and calculation	A^a	19	3.58	1.22	19	4.05	1.08	0.014	17	3.71	1.10	17	3.71	1.26	1.00
	B	20	3.75	1.25	20	3.75	1.19	1.00	20	3.75	1.37	20	4.05	1.19	0.014
	P-value	–	0.708		–	0.531		–	–	0.940		–	0.424		–
Remembrance	A^a	19	2.53	0.61	19	2.84	0.37	0.014	17	2.59	0.51	17	2.65	0.49	0.317
	B	20	2.40	0.68	20	2.40	0.75	1.00	20	2.35	0.74	20	2.55	0.69	0.046
	P-value	–	0.627		–	0.095		–	–	0.442		–	0.869		–
Language and understanding	A^a	19	7.53	0.61	19	7.74	0.56	0.102	17	7.65	0.70	17	7.71	0.69	0.564
	B	20	7.40	1.00	20	7.55	0.83	0.083	20	7.50	0.89	20	7.65	0.67	0.083
	P-value	–	0.923		–	0.607		–	–	0.729		–	0.752		–
Space situation	A^a	19	0.47	0.51	19	0.47	0.51	1.00	17	0.41	0.51	17	0.41	0.51	1.00
	B	20	0.40	0.50	20	0.40	0.50	1.00	20	0.40	0.50	20	0.45	0.51	0.317
	P-value	–	0.708		–	0.708		–	–	0.964		–	0.845		–
Cognitive impairment (general)	A^a	19	26.74	2.92	19	28.05	2.01	0.003	17	27.29	2.44	17	27.41	2.57	0.527
	B	20	26.20	4.21	20	26.55	4.10	0.068	20	26.35	4.44	20	27.35	3.53	0.005
	P-value	–	0.901		–	0.461		–	–	0.821		–	0.707		–

^aThe group A took valerian capsules in the first therapeutic period of one month and placebo in the second therapeutic period of one month, and vice versa in group B

ISSN: 1471-2369