Hepatitis B virus infection and development of chronic kidney disease: a cohort study

BMC Nephrology

Table 1 Participant characteristics by hepatitis B virus infection at baseline (n = 299,913)

Characteristics	Overall	Hepatitis B virus infection		P value
Characteristics	Overall	HBsAg (−)	HBsAg (+)	P value
Number (%)	299,913	288,704 (96.3)	11,209 (3.7)
Age, years^*	37.3 (7.9)	37.3 (7.9)	38.2 (7.6)	< 0.001
Men, %	56.7	56.4	63.7	< 0.001
Current smoker, %	23.6	23.6	25.1	< 0.001
Alcohol intake, g/day^†	5 (0–15)	5 (0–15)	4 (0–13)	< 0.001
Vigorous exercise, %^‡	14.2	14.2	15.7	< 0.001
Higher education, %^§	58.5	58.5	58.1	0.57
BMI, kg/m^2*	23.2 (3.2)	23.2 (3.2)	23.5 (3.1)	< 0.001
ALT, U/l^†	19 (14–29)	19 (14–29)	26 (18–38)	< 0.001
AST, U/l^†	21 (18–26)	21 (17–26)	25 (20–31)	< 0.001
GGT, U/l^†	19 (12–33)	19 (12–33)	20 (13–33)	< 0.001
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m^2*	88.2 (16.6)	88.3 (16.7)	86.4 (15.2)	< 0.001
Glucose, mg/dl^*	93.6 (13.7)	93.6 (13.7)	93.1 (13.6)	< 0.001
Hypertension, %	11.7	11.7	12.0	0.37
Diabetes, %	2.4	2.4	2.5	0.38
Fatty liver disease, %	25.4	25.6	22.7	< 0.001

Values are *mean (standard deviation), ^†median (interquartile range), or percentage
^‡Moderate- or vigorous-intensity exercise ≥3 times per week
^§College graduate or higher
Abbreviations: ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, BMI body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase

ISSN: 1471-2369