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Table 1 Model inputs to inform cardiovascular, hospitalisation and mortality event rate predictions in CKD patients

From: The value of maintaining normokalaemia and enabling RAASi therapy in chronic kidney disease

 

CV event

Hospitalisation

Mortality

Source

Baseline annual event rate by CKD stage; mean (SE)a

 CKD 1–2

0.0211 (0.0012)

0.1354 (0.0045)

0.0076 (0.0002)

Go et al. [39]c

 CKD 3a

0.0365 (0.0012)

0.1722 (0.0045)

0.0108 (0.0004)

 CKD 3b

0.1129 (0.0012)

0.4526 (0.0067)

0.0476 (0.0007)

 CKD 4

0.218 (0.0024)

0.8675 (0.0090)

0.1136 (0.0018)

 CKD 5 (ESRD)

0.366 (0.0048)

1.4461 (0.0090)

0.1414 (0.0031)

Odds ratio by RAASi use; mean (SE)b

 Any versus none

0.820 (0.054)

1 (0)*

0.870 (0.069)

Xie et al.[5]d

Incidence rate ratio by serum potassium subgroup; mean (SE)b

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2):

Any

< 30

30–40

40–50

50–60

Any

Luo et al.[11]e

 K+ < 3.5 mEq/L

1.89 (0.09)

1.93 (0.45)

1.77 (0.34)

2.24 (0.38)

2.06 (0.27)

3.05 (0.29)

 K+  3.5–3.9 mEq/L

1.27 (0.04)

1.65 (0.22)

1.35 (0.16)

1.23 (0.13)

1.13 (0.08)

1.49 (0.08)

 K+  4.0–4.4 mEq/L

1.04 (0.01)

0.93 (0.09)

0.99 (0.08)

1.08 (0.07)

1.01 (0.05)

1.06 (0.04)

 K+  4.5–4.9 mEq/L

1 (0)

1 (0)

1 (0)

1 (0)

1 (0)

1 (0)

 K+  5.0–5.4 mEq/L

1.01 (0.02)

1 (0.10)

0.96 (0.09)

1.07 (0.09)

1 (0.07)

1.14 (0.06)

 K+  5.5–5.9 mEq/L

1.12 (0.04)

1.34 (0.18)

1.07 (0.14)

1.23 (0.18)

0.81 (0.11)

1.6 (0.13)

 K+ ≥ 6.0 mEq/L

1.88 (0.12)

3.65 (0.58)

1.82 (0.44)

1.91 (0.56)

1.07 (0.30)

3.31 (0.46)

  1. CKD chronic kidney disease, CV cardiovascular, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ESRD end stage renal disease, RAASi renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor, SE standard error
  2. aSE estimated from digitised plots showing 95% confidence intervals.
  3. bSE estimated from 95% confidence intervals.
  4. cCardiovascular event defined in Go et al. [39] as: hospitalisation for coronary heart disease, heart failure, ischaemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease.
  5. dCardiovascular event defined in Xie et al. [5] as: composite of fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, cardiovascular death; or comparable definitions used by individual authors in studies included in the network meta-analysis.
  6. eLuo et al. [11] reported incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE); these values were applied to the risk of both arrhythmia and cardiovascular events.
  7. *Null value; no evidence identified
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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