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Table 7 Summary of differentiating urinary metabolites in WT and meprin βKO mice at 4- and 8-weeks post STZ with a 2 ≤ FC and/or 2 ≤ VIP. A variable importance in projection (VIP) score 2 ≤ are considered to have strong predictive value. Differentiating Urinary metabolites that are independent of meprin β expression (levels change in both WT and meprin βKO mice)

From: Meprin β metalloproteases associated with differential metabolite profiles in the plasma and urine of mice with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy

4 Weeks post STZ 8 weeks post-STZ
  WT βKO   WT βKO
VIP P-value* FC** VIP P-value* FC** VIP P-value* FC** VIP P-value* FC**
a-L-threo-4-Hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-D-galacturonic acid 2.8 0.003 − 172.7 3.9   −20.8 a-L-threo-4-Hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-D-galacturonic acid 2.4 0.003 −22.5 3.3 0.052 −4.3
S-(Formylmethyl)glutathione 1.4 0.003 −31 2.7   −5.6 9,13-Dihydroxy-4-megastigmen-3-one 9-glucoside 1.7 0.002 −19.1 1.5 0.004 −3.5
1-Pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate 2.5 0.003 −13.2 2.6   −3.6 S-(Formylmethyl)glutathione 1.2 0.002 −8.4 2.6 0.126 −2.3
Avenic acid B 1.4 0.003 −7.3 2.5   −4.8 1-Pyrroline-4-hydroxy-2-carboxylate 2.6 0.002 −7.7 2.1 0.017 −2.8
Glycerophosphocholine 3.9 0.003 −6.9 2.6   −3 Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine 1.1 0.002 −6.5 1.7 0.004 −5.4
Nicotinic acid 3.3 0.003 −5.9 3.8   −3.1 Cicerin 7-(6-malonylglucoside) 4 0.006 5.8 1.4 0.004 1.8
Indole-3-carboxylic acid 2.4 0.003 −4.8 2.3   −2.2 Avenic acid B 1.5 0.002 −5.8 1.5 0.009 −1.7
Pyrogallol-2-O-glucuronide 1.7 0.003 −4.8 2.2   −2.6 Glycerophosphocholine 4 0.002 −4.8 4.1 0.017 −2.2
N-a-Acetyl-L-arginine 2.9 0.003 −3.3 2.4   −1.6 Indole-3-carboxylic acid 2.7 0.002 −4.8 2.5 0.004 −3
N-Carboxyethyl-g-aminobutyric acid 1.5 0.003 −3.3 2.2   −2.8 N-Carboxyethyl-g-aminobutyric acid 2 0.002 −4.8 1.8 0.03 −1.8
Galactonic acid 4.3 0.003 −3.1 5.2   −2.5 Nicotinic acid 3.3 0.002 −3.6 3.9 0.004 −2.4
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid 2.5 0.003 2.6 2.2   4.8 Porric acid B 3.5 0.002 −3.4 3.3 0.052 −1.6
Symmetric dimethylarginine 3.5 0.003 −2.6 4.3   −2.3 1,3,5-Trimethoxybenzene 2.1 0.002 −3.1 1.5 0.009 −1.6
7-Methoxy-5-prenyloxycoumarin 2.6 0.003 2.5 2.3   1.6 Phenylacetylglycine 0.4 0.002 −3 0.4 0.004 −2.6
Indoxylglucuronide 1.8 0.034 −2.5 3.5   −2 N-Acetylleucine 6.4 0.006 2.7 5.2 0.329 1.3
Caffeic acid 3-sulfate 6.6 0.003 2.4 5.8   4.2 20-oxo-leukotriene B4 1.7 0.003 2.6 1.8 0.009 2.3
Genistein 5-O-glucuronide 3.2 0.003 2.3 2.9   1.2 N-Heptanoylglycine 4.4 0.006 −2.6 6.7 0.017 −3.9
N-Acetylleucine 7.5 0.02 2.2 7   2 Indole-3-carboxilic acid-O-sulphate 1.8 0.002 2.4 0.6 0.004 3.3
Betaine 4.1 0.006 2 3.2   1.5 L-Carnitine 4.6 0.002 −2.4 6.2 0.03 −1.7
Indole-3-carboxilic acid-O-sulphate 3.9 0.02 1.6 2.4   1.8 D-1,5-Anhydrofructose 0.5 0.003 −2.2 1.1 0.004 −2.3
5-Acetyl-2,4-dimethyloxazole 2.3 0.003 1.7 2.6   1.7 Galactonic acid 3.8 0.003 −2.1 4.2 0.177 −2.1
Lotaustralin 2.5 0.003 1.8 2.4   1.6 Genistein 5-O-glucuronide 2.6 0.03 1.8 3.3 0.004 1.6
Fenoprofen glucuronide 6.7 0.003 1.6 10   1.5 Equol 7-O-glucuronide 3.5 0.003 1.7 4.6 0.004 1.5
Equol 7-O-glucuronide 3.2 0.003 1.6 4.1   1.5 Isovalerylalanine 4.7 0.03 −1.5 7.6 0.052 −3.7
        Indolelactic acid 4.6 0.065 −1.5 5.8 0.082 −1.5
  1. p-value* : p-value for Exact Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
  2. FC**: A positive or negative fold change indicates median of STZ > median of NaC
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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