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Table 3 CVD Mortality among Non-aTRH NHANES (1988–1994 and 1999–2010) Participants

From: Resistant hypertension and cardiovascular disease mortality in the US: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

 

Unweighteda

Weightedb

Crude IR (Weighted)

Model 1: Unadjustedc

Model 2d

Model 3e

Model 4: Fully Adjustedf

N (%)

Deaths (%)

N in millions (%)

Deaths in millions (%)

Per 1000 PY

HR

p

HR

p

HR

p

HR

p

Non-aTRH < 3 medications

3837 (60.4)

243 (6.3)

23.49 (64.1)

1.14 (4.9)

6.3 (5.4, 7.5)

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Non-aTRH

3 medications

998 (15.7)

96 (9.6)

5.55 (15.1)

0.46 (8.3)

13 (9.9, 16.9)

2.14 (1.55, 2.95)

< 0.001

1.59 (1.18, 2.16)

0.003

1.57 (1.15, 2.15)

0.005

1.35 (0.98, 1.86)

0.064

  1. Abbreviations: aTRH apparent treatment-resistant hypertension, IR incidence ratio
  2. a Unweighted refers to the actual number (%) of the NHANES participants from the final cohort
  3. b Weighted refers to the projected numbers in the US populations and accounts for NHANES design and sampling weights
  4. HR from Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment as follows:
  5. cModel 1 was unadjusted
  6. dModel 2 adjusted for age, sex and race
  7. eModel 3 adjusted for variables in Model 2 + body mass index (spline at 18 kg/m2 and 25 kg/m2), history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, smoking status, serum total cholesterol, and ln-C-reactive protein (natural log transformed)
  8. fModel 4 adjusted for variables in Model 3 + eGFR CKD EPI (spline at 60 and 90) and ln-ACR