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Table 3 The details of case reports with hemodialysis catheterization through PLSVC

From: Catheterization in a patient with end-stage renal disease through persistent left superior vena cava: a rare case report and literature review

Authors & Year

Study type

Patient’s Gender & Age

The reason of catheterization

The type of SVC

The type of catheter

Catheter Function & Blood Flow (ml/min)

The duration of catheterization

The outcome of catheter or patient

Intraoperative & postoperative complications

Additional anatomical variations

Kim et al., 1999 [13]

Letter to editor

28, male

ESRD

Type IIIb

Non-tunneled (left SCV)

Good, 200 mL/min

Unclear but carried out 3 times

Catheter was removed when AVF matured

Not observed

Not observed

Paulter et al., 1999 [14]

Case report

83, male

ESRD due to DM and HTN

Unclear

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Radovic et al., 2002 [15]

Letter to editor

31, female

ESRD due to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Type IIIa

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, 220 mL/min

4 weeks

Catheter was removed when AVG was cannulated

Not observed

Not observed

De la Prada et al., 2002 [16]

Case Report

45, male

ESRD due to DM

Type III (a or b)

Cuffed, tunneled (right IJV)

Good, 250 ml/min

More than 3 months

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Dionison et al., 2003 [17]

Case report

61, female

ESRD due to DM

Type IIIb

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear but carried out 4 times

Catheter was removed because of severe arrhythmia

Severe hypotension and bradycardia, cardiac-respiratory arrest

A solitary pelvic kidney

Kuppusamy et al., 2004 [18]

Case report

75, female

AKI due to ischemic tubular necrosis

Type IIIb

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Stylianou et al., 2007 [19]

Case report

80, female

ESRD due to DM

Type III (a or b)

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

1 month

Catheter was removed when AVG was cannulated

Not observed

Anomalous pulmonary vein drainage

Orija et al., 2009 [20]

Case report

72, male

ESRD

Type III (a or b)

Cuffed, tunneled (right IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Parreira et al., 2009 [21]

Case report

50, unclear

ESRD

Unclear

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Jang et al., 2009 [22]

Case report

68, male

ESRD

Unclear

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, 230 mL/min

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Lim et al., 2010 [23]

Case report

58, male

ESRD due to DM

Unclear

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

5 months

Catheter was removed when AVF matured

Not observed

Aortic coarctation

Sriramnaveen et al., 2010 [24]

Letter to editor

50, male

ESRD due to HTN

Type IIIa

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Messina et al., 2011 [25]

Case report

Unclear

ESRD with complete obstruction of central venous vessels

Type III (a or b)

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

15 months

Catheter was replaced with a longer one at 12 months

Not observed

Not observed

Kute et al., 2011 [26]

Case report

45, female

ESRD due to DM and HTN

Type III (a or b)

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, 250 mL/min

2 months

Catheter was removed when AVF matured

Not observed

Not observed

Wong et al., 2013 [27]

Case report

Unclear, male

ESRD due to systemic lupus erythematosus

Type IIIa

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

3 months

Patient died of pancytopenia and infective endocarditis

Not observed

Not observed

Balasubramanian et al., 2014 [28]

Case report

57, male

AKI

Unclear

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

4 h

Catheter was removed by cardiothoracic surgeon

Breathlessness, bilateral pleural effusions, subcutaneous, emphysema, pericardial effusion

Not observed

Lui et al., 2014 [29]

Case report

61, male

ESRD due to DM

Unclear

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

6 months

Catheter was removed when AVF matured

Not observed

Not observed

Kukavica et al., 2014 [30]

Letter to editor

71, male

ESRD

Unclear

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

4 months

Patient died of cerebrovascular stroke, cardio-respiratory insufficiency and cardiac arrest

The failed first two insertions and mild initial resistance during the third insertion

Not observed

Dubey et al., 2014 [31]

Letter to editor

35, male

ESRD (waiting for another renal transplantation)

Type II

Non-tunneled (right IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Jaffer et al., 2015 [32]

Case report

58, female

AKI due to acute tubular necrosis

Type IIIa

Cuffed Tunneled (right IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Horseshoe kidney

Sahutoglu et al., 2016 [33]

Case reports

80, male

ESRD (acute peritonitis due to peritoneal dialysis)

Type II

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, 300–350 mL/min

3 months

Catheter was removed when AVF matured

Not observed

Not observed

  

35, male

ESRD due to DM and HTN

Type II

Non-tunneled (Right IJV)

Good, 300–350 mL/min

2 months

Catheter was removed when AVF matured

Not observed

Not observed

Zhou et al., 2016 [34]

Case report

63, female

ESRD

Unclear

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

9 months

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Ricciardi et al., 2017 [35]

Case report

33, female

ESRD

Unclear

Cuffed, tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

32 months

Unclear

Not observed

Cleft lip and palate, uterus bicornis, congenital left hip dislocation and a left inferior vena cava

Boodhun et al., 2018 [36]

Case Report

28, male

ESRD

Type IIIb

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Catheter was removed when permanent left femoral catheter was placed

Not observed

Not observed

Anvesh et al., 2018 [37]

Case Report

35, male

ESRD due to HTN

Type IIIb

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Good, Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Not observed

Not observed

Kawasaki et al., 2018 [38]

Case report

66, female

ESRD due to DM and HTN

Unclear

Non-tunneled (left IJV)

Removed before use

4 h

Thrombus formation in the catheter lumen when removed

Not observed

Not observed

He et al., 2018 [39]

Case report

88, female

ESRD due to HTN

Type II

Cuffed, tunneled (right IJV)

Good, 220 mL/min

16 months

Patient died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Not observed

Not observed

  1. ESRD end-stage renal disease, HTN hypertension, DM diabetes, AVF arteriovenous fistula, SCV subclavian vein, IJV internal jugular vein, PLSVC persistent left superior vena cava