Effect of 3% saline and furosemide on biomarkers of kidney injury and renal tubular function and GFR in healthy subjects – a randomized controlled trial

Table 5 Effect of hypertonic saline and furosemide on vasoactive hormones in a randomized, cross-over study of 24 healthy subjects

	Baseline (90 min)	After 60 min hypertonic saline infusion (150 min)	90 min post hypertonic saline infusion (210 min)	P-value (difference in response)
p-AVP (ng/L)
Placebo	0.20 (0.20;0.20)	0.50(0.40;0.70)^*	0.20(0.20;0.23)	< 0.001
Furosemide	0.20 (0.18;0.20)	0.90(0.60;1.10)*^,†	0.30(0.20;0.40)^*,†	< 0.001
PRC (ng/L)
Placebo	9.0 (5.3;13.0)	7.3 (4.4;10.9)^*	5.6 (2.9;7.4)^*	0.001
Furosemide	10.3 (5.8;16.9)	9.3 (7.7;16.2)^†	8.0 (5.3;19.3)^†	0.001
p-AngII (ng/L)
Placebo	12 (8;18)	7 (5;13)^*	6 (4;11) ^*	0.014
Furosemide	16 (9;22)	16 (11;20)^†	16 (9;24)^†	0.014
p-Aldo (pmol/L)
Placebo	240 (200;342)	167 (144;211)^*	169 (161;213)^*	0.001
Furosemide	277 (232;377)	256 (228;328)^†	262 (201;325)^†	0.001

p-AVP Plasma concentrations arginine vasopressin, PRC renin, p-AngII angiotensin II and p-Aldo aldosterone were measured before hypertonic saline infusion, after 60 min of saline infusion, and 90 min after cessation of saline infusion on the examination day. Data are shown as medians with 25 and 75 percentiles in brackets. P-value represents probability of difference in response to saline (response from baseline to saline infusion) between treatments. Students t-test was used to test difference in response to saline between treatments. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test statistical significant difference from baseline, ^* = p < 0.05, and from Placebo, ^† = p < 0.05

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