Table 1 Clinical, psychological and environmental characteristics of adolescents
From: Quality of life in adolescents with chronic kidney disease who initiate haemodialysis treatment
N = 32 | n (%) Mean ± SD Median [Q1; Q3] |
|---|---|
1-Clinical characteristics | |
Age (years) | 13.9 ± 2.0 |
Sex | |
Female | 12 (37.5) |
Male | 20 (62.5) |
Age at primary diagnosis (years)a3 | 5.8 [0.8; 10.8] |
0–5 years | 16 (55.2) |
6–10 years | 7 (24.1) |
11–17 years | 6 (20.7) |
Age at CKD diagnosis (years)a1 | 8.1 [1.9; 13.1] |
0–5 years | 11 (35.5) |
6–10 years | 12 (38.7) |
11–17 years | 8 (25.8) |
Delay between primary diagnosis and current HD | 8.6 [2.0; 11.7] |
Primary diagnosis | |
Congenital nephropathies | |
CAKUT | 9 (28.1) |
Hereditary nephropathies | 13 (40.6) |
Acquired nephropathies | |
Glomerulonephritis | 5 (15.6) |
Vascular | 3 (9.4) |
Unknown | 2 (6.3) |
Medical history | |
Renal transplantation and/or HD and/or PDb | 8 (25) |
No | 24 (75) |
Vascular access of HD | |
Arteriovenous fistula | 14 (43.8) |
Central catheter | 16 (50.0) |
Arteriovenous fistula and central catheter | 2 (6.2) |
Number of weekly HD sessions | 3.0 [3.0; 3.0] |
Duration of a HD session (hour) | 4.0 [3.0; 4.0] |
Growth failure | |
Yes | 9 (28,1) |
No | 23 (71.9) |
Anaemia | |
Yes | 23 (71,9) |
No | 9 (28.1) |
Number of comorbidities | 3 [2.0; 3.7] |
Neither | 2 (6.3) |
1 | 5 (15.6) |
≥ 2 | 25 (78.1) |
Number of treatments | 7.1 ± 1.1 |
2- Psychological characteristics | |
Kidcope | |
Distractiona7 | 20 (80) |
Social withdrawala8 | 8 (33.3) |
Cognitive restructuringa9 | 19 (82.6) |
Self-criticisma10 | 7 (31.8) |
Blaming othersa11 | 3 (14.3) |
Problem solvinga8 | 14 (58.3) |
Emotional regulation -a9 | 10 (43.5) |
Emotional regulation +a9 | 15 (65.2) |
Wishful thinkinga9 | 14 (60.9) |
Social support a9 | 18 (78.3) |
Resignationa9 | 21 (91.3) |
c Active coping strategiesa7 | |
Utilization strategy Score | 24 (96) 3.3 [2.0; 5.7] |
d Avoidant coping strategiesa7 | |
Utilization strategy Score | 24 (96) 3.3 [2.5; 6.2] |
e Negative coping strategiesa10 | |
Utilization strategy Score | 8 (36.4) 0.0 [0.0; 3.3] |
3-Environmental characteristics | |
Age of parents (years)a7 | 46.5 ± 7.3 |
Family structurea7 | |
Not separated parents | 13 (52) |
Separated parents | 12 (48) |
Siblinga8 | |
Yes | 22 (91,7) |
No | 2 (8.3) |
Place of residencea8 | |
Urban | 12 (50) |
Rural | 12 (50) |
Time between home and HD (minutes)a9 | 60.0 [15–180] |
< 20 min | 3 (13) |
20 to 60 min | 13 (56.5) |
> 60 min | 7 (30.4) |
Parental employmenta7 | |
Yes | 19 (76) |
No | 6 (24) |
Financial situationa7 | |
Difficulty | 13 (52) |
Not difficulty | 12 (48) |
Adolescent’s schoolinga7 | |
Yes | 21 (84) |
No | 4 (16) |