Table 2 Episodes of cannulation
Variable | Mean (SD) | Range |
|---|---|---|
Nurse confidence with success before cannulation (0–10) | 8.6 (2.2) | 0–10 |
Vascular access length (cm) | 12.1 (3.7) | 2–30 |
n | (%) | |
Stenosis | 175 | (9.0) |
Bruit | 189 | (9.7) |
Stent in useable section of fistula | 69 | (3.5) |
Oedema | 59 | (3.0) |
Bruising | 251 | (12.9) |
Hematoma present | 64 | (3.3) |
AVF soft with tendency to blow | 312 | (16.0) |
Tourniquet used | 1225 | (62.9) |
Ultrasound used | 80 | (4.1) |
Cannulation technique | ||
Rope ladder | 1436 | (73.8) |
Area | 481 | (25.0) |
Anaesthetic | ||
None | 546 | (28.1) |
Topical | 1085 | (55.8) |
Subcutaneous | 287 | (14.7) |
Both | 28 | (1.4) |
Standard needle length | 1875 | (96.4) |
Arterial needle retrograde | 1523 | (78.3) |
Arterial needle bevel up | 1587 | (81.6) |
Arterial needle rotated after insertion | 824 | (42.3) |
Venous needle bevel up | 1610 | (82.7) |
Venous needle rotated after insertion | 685 | (35.2) |
Arterial needle gauge | ||
14 | 158 | (8.1) |
15 | 1610 | (82.7) |
16 | 160 | (8.2) |
17 | 12 | (0.6) |
Venous needle gauge | ||
14 | 157 | (8.1) |
15 | 1603 | (82.4) |
16 | 161 | (8.3) |
17 | 12 | (0.6) |