Table 4 Univariable repeated measures logistic regression modelling for first-time cannulation success
Variable | Univariable OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|
Patient variables | ||
Patient age | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.19 |
Patient gender | ||
Male | 1.09 (0.68–1.76) | 0.72 |
Female | 1 | |
BMI | 0.95 (0.95–1.01) | 0.12 |
Steroids | ||
No | 1.65 (0.61–4.44) | 0.32 |
Yes | 1 | |
PAI | ||
No | 0.83 (0.32–2.11) | 0.69 |
Yes | 1 | |
Diabetes | ||
No | 1.02 (0.64–1.63) | 0.94 |
Yes | 1 | |
PVD | ||
No | 0.89 (0.53–1.49) | 0.65 |
Yes | 1 | |
Heart disease | ||
No | 1.05 (0.66–1.68) | 0.84 |
Yes | 1 | |
Hypertension | ||
No | 1.73 (0.91–3.29) | 0.09 |
Yes | 1 | |
Hypotension | ||
No | 0.76 (0.32–1.81) | 0.54 |
Yes | 1 | |
Smoker | ||
No | 0.58 (0.14–2.36) | 0.44 |
Yes | 1 | |
Log age of access | 2.01 (1.65–2.46) | < 0.001 |
AV type | ||
Fistula | 3.22 (1.79–5.80) | < 0.001 |
Graft | 1 | |
AVF location | 0.82 | |
Brachio-cephalic | 1.20 (0.45–3.19) | 0.72 |
Radio-cephalic | 1.35 (0.50–3.68) | 0.59 |
Brachio-basilic | 1 | |
Surgical revision <3mths | ||
No | 1.71 (0.90–3.25) | 0.10 |
Yes | 1 | |
Depth of AVF | < 0.001 | |
Superficial | 15.0 (5.64–40.0) | < 0.001 |
Palpable | 11.3 (4.34–29.4) | < 0.001 |
Non-palpable | 1 | |
Vessel | ||
Straight | 1.01 (0.59–1.72) | 0.98 |
Zig-zag | 1 | |
vBifurcation | 0.21 | |
Nil | 0.58 (0.23–1.45) | 0.71 |
Single | 0.91 (0.33–2.49) | 0.86 |
Multiple | 1 | |
Aneurysm | ||
Yes | 2.64 (1.34–5.18) | 0.005 |
No | 1 | |
Episodes of cannulation variables | ||
Log nurse confidence | 1.19 (1.01–1.40) | 0.03 |
Length of vessel | 1.00 (0.94–1.06) | 0.87 |
Bruit present – indicates stenosis | ||
No | 0.71 (0.30–1.65) | 0.42 |
Yes | 1 | |
Stent in situ | ||
No | 3.17 (1.32–7.61) | 0.01 |
Yes | 1 | |
Oedema present | ||
No | 3.22 (1.40–7.38) | 0.006 |
Yes | 1 | |
Bruising present | ||
No | 2.42 (1.39–4.19) | 0.002 |
Yes | 1 | |
Hematoma present | ||
No | 2.46 (1.02–5.90) | 0.04 |
Yes | 1 | |
AVF soft with tendency for extravasation | ||
No | 1.32 (0.74–2.36) | 0.35 |
Yes | 1 | |
Tourniquet use | ||
No | 1.25 (0.76–2.07) | 0.37 |
Yes | 1 | |
Ultrasound use | ||
No | 13.9 (8.18–23.6) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 1 | |
Standard needle length | ||
No | 2.56 (0.35–18.8) | 0.36 |
Yes | 1 | |
Arterial needle antegrade insertion | ||
No | 1.76 (0.92–3.79) | 0.09 |
Yes | 1 | |
Arterial needle bevel up | ||
No | 0.68 (0.40–1.14) | 0.14 |
Yes | 1 | |
Arterial needle rotated after insertion | ||
No | 0.57 (0.36–0.91) | 0.02 |
Yes | 1 | |
Venous needle bevel up | ||
No | 0.64 (0.37–1.10) | 0.10 |
Yes | 1 | |
Venous needle rotated after insertion | ||
No | 0.74 (0.45–1.23) | 0.25 |
Yes | 1 | |
Arterial needle gauge | 0.66 | |
14 | 2.78 (0.30–25.7) | 0.37 |
15 | 2.03 (0.26–16.0) | 0.50 |
16 | 1.52 (0.17–13.6) | 0.70 |
17 | 1 | |
Venous needle gauge | 0.10 | |
14 | 7.65 (1.40–41.6) | 0.02 |
15 | 4.58 (1.12–18.8) | 0.03 |
16 | 3.39 (0.71–16.1) | 0.13 |
17 | 1 | |
Nurse variables | ||
Nurse age | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) | 0.41 |
Years as a RN | 0.98 (0.96–1.00) | 0.09 |
Years as HD nurse | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 0.29 |
Gender | ||
Male | 4.88 (1.42–16.7) | 0.01 |
Female | 1 | |
Employment status | ||
Fulltime | 1.32 (0.83–2.09) | 0.25 |
Part time/casual | 1 | |
Job Title | ||
RN | 1.16 (0.66–2.02) | 0.61 |
CN / SDN | 1 | |
Highest education | ||
BN/RN | 1.13 (0.66–1.94) | 0.66 |
Graduate or higher | 1 | |
Postgrad in renal nursing | ||
No | 1.84 (1.15–2.93) | 0.01 |
Yes | 1 | |