Table 2 Univariate Analysis of Risk Factors associated with Mortality for Patients with AKI
| Â | HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
Age | ||
  ≤ 65 | Reference |  |
  > 65 | 1.54 (1.07, 2.22) | 0.0201 |
BMI | ||
  ≤ 30 | Reference |  |
  > 30 | 0.97 (0.57, 1.65) | 0.9138 |
Baseline eGFR (mL/min) | ||
  ≤ 60 | Reference |  |
  > 60 | 1.54 (1.08, 2.21) | 0.0180 |
Urea at RRT Initiation (mmol/L) | ||
  ≤ 30 | Reference |  |
  > 30 | 0.82 (0.48, 1.39) | 0.4533 |
Sodium at RRT Initiation (mmol/L) | ||
  ≤ 146 | Reference |  |
  > 146 | 2.31 (1.21, 4.38) | 0.0108 |
Serum potassium at RRT Initiation (mmol/L) | ||
  ≤ 5 | Reference |  |
  > 5 | 0.9 (0.51, 1.58) | 0.7028 |
Serum chloride at RRT Initiation (mmol/L) | ||
  ≤ 107 | Reference |  |
  > 107 | 1.02 (0.59, 1.77) | 0.9327 |
Serum bicarbonate at RRT Initiation (mmol/L) | ||
  ≤ 19 | Reference |  |
  > 19 | 1.15 (0.69, 1.94) | 0.5847 |
Serum albumin at RRT Initiation (g/dL) | ||
  ≤ 40 | Reference |  |
  > 40 | 5.03 (0.67, 37.6) | 0.1153 |
Hemoglobin at RRT Initiation (g/dL) | Â | Â |
  ≤ 10 | Reference |  |
  > 10 | 0.74 (0.43, 1.28) | 0.2841 |
Serum lactate at RRT Initiation (mmol/L) | ||
  ≤ 2.2 | Reference |  |
  > 2.2 | 1.75 (0.98, 3.13) | 0.0601 |
Gender | ||
 Male | Reference |  |
 Female | 1.12 (0.79, 1.58) | 0.5370 |
Ethnicity | ||
 Chinese | Reference |  |
 Malay | 0.55 (0.33, 0.94) | 0.0272 |
 Indian | 0.52 (0.25, 1.07) | 0.0775 |
 Others | 0.71 (0.26, 1.94) | 0.5059 |
| Â | HR (95% CI) | P value |
Renal transplant | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 0.11 (0.03, 0.46) | 0.0023 |
Diabetes mellitus | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 0.83 (0.59, 1.18) | 0.3062 |
Hypertension | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 0.5 (0.35, 0.72) | 0.0002 |
Cardiovascular disease | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 1.22 (0.87, 1.73) | 0.2538 |
Atrial fibrillation | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 1.4 (0.89, 2.2) | 0.1444 |
Cerebrovascular accident | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 0.95 (0.58, 1.57) | 0.8555 |
Cancer | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 1.29 (0.85, 1.93) | 0.2294 |
Any hypotension in the preceding 48 h | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 3.35 (2.18, 5.13) | < 0.0001 |
 NA | 1.1 (0.67, 1.8) | 0.7208 |
KDIGO stage at AKI diagnosis | ||
 1 | Reference |  |
 2 | 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) | 0.8646 |
 3 | 1.88 (1.23, 2.88) | 0.0034 |
Single or multiple etiology of AKI | ||
 Single | Reference |  |
 Multiple | 1.81 (1.25, 2.61) | 0.0017 |
Did the patient receive RRT during admission | ||
 No | Reference |  |
 Yes | 2.74 (1.93, 3.89) | < 0.0001 |