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Table 2 Associations of second-year outcomes with hospital admission pattern in the first 90–365 days of dialysis, among 2010–2013 U.S. incident hemodialysis patients

From: Long-term outcomes among Medicare patients readmitted in the first year of hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study

Outcome

First-year readmission pattern

No admissions

(Admit-)

Admissions, no readmissions

(Admit+/Readmit-)

Readmissions

(Admit+/Readmit+)

Mortality, hazard ratio (95% CI)

 Crude rate per 1000 patient-years

107.1

206.9

362.3

 Unadjusted

1.00 (ref.)

1.93 (1.87–2.00)

3.38 (3.27–3.50)

 Adjusteda

1.00 (ref.)

1.89 (1.83–1.96)

3.48 (3.36–3.60)

 Adjusteda + access to care

1.00 (ref.)

1.84 (1.78–1.90)

3.32 (3.21–3.44)

Hospitalization, incidence rate ratio (95% CI)

 Crude rate per 1000 patient-years

966.6

2051.7

3922.2

 Unadjusted

1.00 (ref.)

2.26 (2.22–2.30)

4.75 (4.64–4.85)

 Adjusteda

1.00 (ref.)

2.21 (2.17–2.26)

4.62 (4.53–4.73)

 Adjusteda + access to care

1.00 (ref.)

2.16 (2.13–2.21)

4.46 (4.36–4.56)

Transplantation, hazard ratio (95% CI)

 Crude rates per 1000 patient-years

17.30

13.10

8.44

 Unadjusted

1.00 (ref.)

0.74 (0.67–0.83)

0.46 (0.39–0.55)

 Adjusteda

1.00 (ref.)

0.78 (0.70, 0.87)

0.46 (0.39–0.54)

 Adjusteda + access to care

1.00 (ref.)

0.85 (0.76–0.95)

0.52 (0.44–0.62)

  1. aAdjusted for age at dialysis start, sex, race/ethnicity, and comorbid conditions at dialysis start (congestive heart failure, diabetes, and hypertension). Access to care includes pre-ESRD nephrology care, vascular access on first dialysis, and insurance at dialysis start