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Table 2 Main adverse events reported in the included RCTs

From: Efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive treatment in IgA nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Main adverse events

No. of studies

Immunosuppressive agent group

Control group

RR (95% CI)

P value

FE

RE

FE

RE

Gastrointestinal

11

38/431

8/606

2.53 [1.15, 5.55]

2.42[1.07, 5.45]

0.02

0.03

Hematologic

9

16/373

6/551

2.17 [1.00, 4.68]

2.0[0.84, 4.77]

0.05

0.12

Dermatologic

7

16/273

3/463

4.09 [1.57, 10.66]

3.88[1.41, 10.64]

0.004

0.009

Hepatotoxicity

7

21/455

19/636

1.26 [0.72, 2.22]

1.26[0.70, 2.24]

0.42

0.44

Respiratory

6

9/371

12/544

0.81 [0.37, 1.74]

0.82[0.37, 1.82]

0.58

0.62

Infection

6

189/373

114/547

Not estimable

Not estimable

Not estimable

Not estimable

Impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus

5

15/326

5/316

2.61 [1.04, 6.55]

2.16[0.77, 6.05]

0.04

0.14

Elevation of blood pressure

4

14/193

16/389

0.96 [0.52, 1.79]

0.97[0.43, 2.22]

0.9

0.95

Malignant

4

4/167

2/157

1.40 [0.39, 4.98]

1.33[0.30, 5.93]

0.61

0.71

Musculoskeletal

3

5/238

3/226

1.47 [0.44, 4.93]

1.37[0.40, 4.71]

0.53

0.62

Hyperkalemia

3

2/156

11/350

0.23 [0.07, 0.71]

0.3[0.05, 1.98]

0.01

0.21

Genitourinary

3

6/59

0/56

4.59 [0.85, 24.85]

4.07[0.71, 23.39]

0.08

0.12

Death

2

3/218

2/206

1.42 [0.24, 8.44]

1.41 [0.23, 8.55]

0.70

0.71

  1. RR relative risk, CI confidence intervals, FE fixed effect model, RE random effect model