Table 5 Multinomial regression analysis of risk factors for foot ulceration
Primary outcome | Category | N | Risk factor | RR (95% CI) | P-value*† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No development of foot ulceration | (i) No previous or baseline ulceration, and did not develop ulceration during study period | 369 | Reference Category | ||
Development of foot ulcerationa | (ii) No previous or baseline ulceration, but developed ulceration during study period | 27 | Diabetes mellitus | 0.68 (0.28 to 1.63) | 0.39 |
Neuropathy | 2.66 (1.04 to 6.82) | 0.04* | |||
Peripheral arterial disease | 0.58 (0.24 to 1.41) | 0.23 | |||
Cerebrovascular disease | 1.37 (0.54 to 3.50) | 0.51 | |||
Nail pathology | 3.85 (1.08 to 13.75) | 0.04* | |||
(iii) Previous and/or baseline ulceration, and developed ulceration during study period | 54 | Diabetes mellitus | 1.84 (0.75 to 4.48) | 0.18 | |
Neuropathy | 11.23 (3.16 to 39.87) | < 0.001† | |||
Peripheral arterial disease | 7.15 (2.24 to 22.82) | 0.001† | |||
Cerebrovascular disease | 2.08 (1.04 to 4.16) | 0.04* | |||
Nail pathology | 1.02 (0.43 to 2.45) | 0.95 | |||