Risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury in South African critically ill adults: a prospective cohort study

Table 3 Multivariate analysis for predictors of mortality in the AKI cohort (n = 497)

Covariate	Crude odds ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)	p–value
Age, per 10 year increase	1.16 (1.030; 1.300)	1.33 (1.12; 1.59)	0.002
Gender (male)	0.88 (0.596; 1.296)	0.96 (0.584; 1.588)	0.878
Diabetes	0.8 (0.462; 1.348)	0.47 (0.223; 0.963)	0.043
Active malignancy	0.82 (0.259; 2.218)	1.03 (0.25; 3.782)	0.963
Active tuberculosis	2.14 (1.042; 4.370)	2.84 (1.14; 7.079)	0.025
CKD	0.87 (0.372; 1.880)	1.12 (0.357; 3.331)	0.840
Hypertension	1.1 (0.733; 1.665)	1.47 (0.790; 2.81)	0.224
Receiving HAART	0.99 (0.585; 1.719)	1.37 (0.670; 2.88)	0.398
SAPS 3 score	1.07 (1.054; 1.089)	1.04 (1.026; 1.065)	< 0.001
ICU days	0.99 (0.971; 1.010)	0.96 (0.929; 0.985)	0.004
Mechanical ventilation	5.00 (3.087; 8.420)	2.08 (1.084; 4.062)	0.029
Requiring vasopressors	7.26 (4.782; 11.182)	3.99 (2.318; 6.961)	< 0.001
ARDS	1.43 (0.678; 2.930	0.82 (0.335; 1.973)	0.661
Sepsis	3.15 (2.127; 4.686)	1.8 (1.047; 3.083)	0.033
HIV status^a	1.76 (1.05; 2.94)	1.11 (0.56; 2.15)	0.769

^aAnalysis restricted to only those with AKI and a known HIV status (n = 296). See survival analysis for HIV-AKI cohort in Fig. 6.
Abbreviations: HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, SAPS 3 Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3, ARDS Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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