Estimating the risk of acute kidney injury associated with use of diuretics and renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors: A population based cohort study using the clinical practice research datalink

Table 3 Cox Regression Models (n = 140,952)

Model	Covariables	HR (AKI)	95% LCI	95% UCI
Baseline¹	Unexposed	1
Baseline¹	Exposed	1.48	1.3	1.7
Baseline + Sex	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.48	1.3	1.7
	Male	1
	Female	0.81	0.71	0.92
Baseline + Age	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.48	1.29	1.69
	< 65 years	1
	65–74	1.53	1.31	1.79
	> = 75	2.46	2.11	2.88
Baseline + Chronic Time	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.53	1.33	1.77
	< 30 days	1
	30–179 days	1.1	0.89	1.35
	180–364 days	1.37	1.05	1.78
	> = 365 days	1.05	0.89	1.24
Baseline + CKD	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.5	1.32	1.72
	No CKD	1
	CKD	1.93	1.63	2.27
Baseline + DM	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.41	1.24	1.61
	No DM	1
	DM	1.89	1.61	2.21
Baseline + HF	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.41	1.23	1.61
	No HF	1
	HF	3.65	2.74	4.86
Baseline + HT	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.59	1.39	1.82
	No HT	1
	HT	0.53	0.47	0.61
Baseline + IHD	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.5	1.31	1.71
	No IHD	1
	IHD	1.17	1	1.37
Baseline + Medications	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.37	1.19	1.58
	1	1
	> = 2	1.27	1.11	1.46
Baseline + GP Consultations	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.5	1.31	1.71
	< 10	1
	10–19	1.27	1.07	1.51
	20–29	1.71	1.41	2.07
	> = 30	2.23	1.84	2.71
Baseline + SBP	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.59	1.38	1.83
	< 120	1
	120–139	0.88	0.65	1.17
	140–159	0.71	0.53	0.94
	> = 160	0.68	0.5	0.92
Baseline + Smoking	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.48	1.3	1.69
	No	1
	Yes	1.35	1.13	1.6
	Ex	1.34	1.16	1.54
Baseline + GFR	Unexposed	1
	Exposed	1.47	1.29	1.68
	> = 60	1
	45–59	1.29	1.07	1.55
	< 45	2.92	2.2	3.88
Full Model	Unexposed	1
Full Model	Exposed	1.23	1.04	1.45
Full Model (inc meds*exposure)	1 (exposed)	1.1	0.91	1.33
Full Model (inc meds*exposure)	> = 2 (exposed)	1.49	1.06	2.11

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