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Table 1 Patient demographics and disease characteristics

From: Impact of chronic kidney disease and anemia on health-related quality of life and work productivity: analysis of multinational real-world data

 

All patients

N = 5276

Europe

N = 2622

USA

N = 1933

China

N = 721

Agea, years

 Mean (SD)

60.9 (14.3)

62.5 (15.1)

59.8 (14.2)

58.3 (10.1)

 Median

62

65

61

59

 Min, Max

18, 89

18, 89

18, 89

22, 89

  > 90 years old, n (%)

42 (0.8%)

25 (1.0%)

17 (0.9%)

0 (0.0%)

Sex, n (%)

 Female

2259 (43%)

1067 (41%)

869 (45%)

323 (45%)

 Male

3017 (57%)

1555 (59%)

1064 (55%)

398 (55%)

BMI, kg/m2

 Mean (SD)

26.9 (5.8)

26.5 (4.9)

29.2 (6.4)

22.4 (3.2)

 Median

25.9

25.8

28.1

22.0

 Min, Max

13, 74

15, 74

13, 70

14, 47

 Unknown, n (%)

162 (3.1%)

94 (3.6%)

61 (3.2%)

7 (1.0%)

Ethnic origin, n (%)

 White/Caucasian

2991 (57%)

1928 (74%)

1063 (55%)

0 (0%)

 Chinese

754 (14%)

2 (0%)

37 (2%)

715 (100%)

 African American

517 (10%)

5 (0%)

512 (27%)

0 (0%)

 Hispanic/Latino

248 (5%)

51 (2%)

197 (10%)

0 (0%)

 North/Western/Middle EU

437 (8%)

437 (17%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Asian - other

76 (1%)

12 (0%)

64 (3%)

0 (0%)

 Otherb

241 (5%)

181 (7%)

59 (3%)

1 (0%)

 Unknown

12 (< 1%)

6 (< 1%)

1 (< 1%)

5 (< 1%)

Employment status, n (%)

 Employedc

1265 (24%)

593 (23%)

574 (30%)

98 (14%)

 Retired

2555 (49%)

1356 (52%)

719 (37%)

480 (67%)

 Otherd

1287 (24%)

607 (23%)

558 (29%)

122 (17%)

 Unknown

169 (3%)

66 (3%)

82 (4%)

21 (3%)

Current Hb level, g/dL

 Mean (SD)

11.5 (1.9)

11.6 (1.8)

11.8 (1.9)

10.8 (1.7)

 Median

11.5

11.6

11.5

11.0

 Min, Max

3, 21

3, 19

6, 21

4, 19

 Unknown, n (%)

485 (9.2%)

214 (8.2%)

247 (12.8%)

24 (3.3%)

Current Hb level, n (%)

 Hb < 8 g/dL

141 (3%)

95 (4%)

17 (1%)

29 (4%)

 Hb 8–10 g/dL

533 (10%)

206 (8%)

197 (10%)

130 (18%)

 Hb 10–12 g/dL

2464 (47%)

1216 (46%)

834 (43%)

414 (57%)

 Hb > 12 g/dL

1653 (31%)

891 (34%)

638 (33%)

124 (17%)

 Unknown

485 (9%)

214 (8%)

247 (13%)

24 (3%)

Current CKD stage, n (%)

 Stage 3a NDD

821 (16%)

397 (15%)

274 (14%)

150 (21%)

 Stage 3b NDD

983 (19%)

523 (20%)

310 (16%)

150 (21%)

 Stage 4 NDD

1492 (28%)

753 (29%)

462 (24%)

277 (38%)

 Stage 5 NDD

57 (1%)

31 (1%)

24 (1%)

2 (0%)

 DD

1923 (36%)

918 (35%)

863 (45%)

142 (20%)

Underlying cause of CKDe, n (%)

 Hypertension

3070 (59%)

1417 (54%)

1285 (67%)

368 (51%)

 Type 2 Diabetes

2034 (39%)

928 (36%)

812 (42%)

294 (41%)

 Cardiovascular disease

888 (17%)

454 (17%)

359 (19%)

75 (10%)

 Glomerulonephritis

883 (17%)

391 (15%)

156 (8%)

336 (47%)

 Unknown

34 (1%)

14 (1%)

17 (1%)

3 (0%)

Comorbid conditionsf, n (%)

 Hypertension

2350 (78%)

1044 (82%)

857 (84%)

449 (62%)

 Type 2 diabetes

1199 (40%)

430 (34%)

497 (49%)

272 (38%)

 Dyslipidemia

877 (29%)

335 (26%)

449 (44%)

93 (13%)

 Coronary heart disease

536 (18%)

206 (16%)

196 (19%)

134 (19%)

 Depression

366 (12%)

151 (12%)

175 (17%)

40 (6%)

 Anxiety

321 (11%)

152 (12%)

144 (14%)

25 (3%)

 Atherosclerosis

319 (11%)

162 (13%)

100 (10%)

57 (8%)

 No comorbidities

400 (13%)

131 (10%)

35 (3%)

234 (32%)

 Unknown

2260 (43%)

1350 (51%)

910 (47%)

0 (0%)

Type of anemia treatment currently receivedg, n (%)

N = 1209

N = 548

N = 384

N = 277

 Oral iron only

315 (26%)

77 (14%)

139 (36%)

99 (36%)

 IV iron only

79 (7%)

54 (10%)

14 (4%)

11 (4%)

 ESA only

258 (21%)

126 (23%)

101 (26%)

31 (11%)

 Both oral iron and ESA

227 (19%)

107 (19%)

33 (9%)

87 (31%)

 Both IV iron and ESA

330 (27%)

184 (34%)

97 (25%)

49 (18%)

  1. aExcluding patients aged ≥ 90 years;bIncluding Native American, Asian-Indian subcontinent, Middle Eastern, Mixed race, Afro-caribbean, Algerian, African, Maghrebian, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Turkey, and ‘other’;cIncluding full-time and part-time;dIncluding sick leave, homemaker, student, unemployed, and ‘other’;eIncludes only underlying causes reported in ≥ 15% of patients - note patients may have > 1 underlying cause;fIncludes only comorbid conditions reported in ≥ 10% of patients - note patients may have > 1 comorbid condition;gIncludes patients currently receiving anemia treatment – note, only includes 2015 & 2018 sample due to formulation data not available in 2012 dataset
  2. BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DD, dialysis-dependent; ESA, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent; Hb, hemoglobin; IV, intravenous; NDD, non-dialysis dependent; SD, standard deviation