From: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery
characteristic | ALL (n = 60,772) | No AKI (n = 58,123) | AKI (n = 2649) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anesthesia duration, min | 189.7 ± 123.0 | 187.2 ± 121.3 | 244.7 ± 146.0 | < 0.001 |
Anesthesia type |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
General anesthesia | 48,273(77.9%) | 46,117(77.8%) | 2156(81.0%) | |
General anesthesia + epidural/nerve block | 4044(6.5%) | 3791(6.4%) | 253(9.5%) | |
Neuraxial or nerve block | 9642(15.6%) | 9388(15.8%) | 254(9.5%) | |
Infusion volume, ml | 1100(750–1800) | 1100(700–1700) | 1600(1100–2600) | < 0.001 |
Crystal, ml | 1100(600–1600) | 1000(600–1600) | 1300(1000–2100) | < 0.001 |
Colloid, ml | 0(0–500) | 0(0–500) | 0(0–500) | < 0.001 |
Estimated blood loss, ml | 0(0–50) | 0(0–50) | 30(0–200) | < 0.001 |
Intraoperative blood infusion | 5725(9.2%) | 5263(8.9%) | 462(17.3%) | < 0.001 |
Urine, ml | 0(0–300) | 0(0–300) | 100(0–400) | < 0.001 |
Surgery time, min | 117.5 ± 123.9 | 115.8 ± 121.6 | 156.0 ± 163.2 | < 0.001 |
Surgery type |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Eye/ear/throat | 3089(5.0%) | 3054(5.2%) | 35(1.3%) | |
Integumentary | 2221(3.6%) | 2181(3.7%) | 40(1.5%) | |
Genital/urinary | 16,264(26.2%) | 15,150(25.5%) | 1114(41.8%) | |
Musculoskeletal | 7390(11.9%) | 7153(12.1%) | 237(8.9%) | |
Nervous | 3545(5.7%) | 3412(5.8%) | 133(5.0%) | |
Vascular | 2233(3.6%) | 2160(3.6%) | 73(2.7%) | |
Digestive | 20,936(33.8%) | 20,094(33.9%) | 842(31.6%) | |
Respiratory | 3528(5.7%) | 3395(5.7%) | 133(5.0%) | |
Other | 2753(4.4%) | 2697(4.5%) | 56(2.1%) | |
Intraoperative mean HR, bpm | 65.7 ± 9.8 | 65.6 ± 9.7 | 67.4 ± 10.9 | < 0.001 |
Baseline SBP, mmHg | 127.8 ± 17.7 | 127.6 ± 17.6 | 132.1 ± 18.7 | < 0.001 |
Baseline DBP, mmHg | 76.5 ± 10.9 | 76.5 ± 10.8 | 77.4 ± 11.9 | < 0.001 |
KDIGO AKI grade | ||||
 III | 306(0.8%) | – | 306(11.5%) | < 0.001 |
 II | 154(0.4%) | – | 154(5.8%) | < 0.001 |
 I | 2203(5.8%) | – | 2203(82.7%) | < 0.001 |