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Table 4 Quality evaluation of randomised controlled trials

From: Effects of exercise training on proteinuria in adult patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Randomised controlled studies

Items

Hellberg [26] (2019)

Liang [27] (2016)

Aoike [28] (2017)

Leehey [29] (2016)

Hiraki [30] (2017)

Leehey [31] (2009)

1

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

2

Low

High

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

Unclear

3

Low

High

Unclear

High

High

High

4

Low

Unclear

Unclear

Low

Low

Unclear

5

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

High

6

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

Low

7

Low

Low

Low

High

Low

High

  1. Notes. 1 Random sequence generation (selection bias); 2 Allocation concealment (selection bias); 3 Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias); 4 Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias); 5 Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias); 6 Selective outcome reporting? (reporting bias) 7 Other bias