Effects of bodybuilding supplements on the kidney: A population-based incidence study of biopsy pathology and clinical characteristics among middle eastern men

Table 1 Clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and pathology of regional bodybuilders (all male) undergoing renal biopsies

Patient no.	Age	Duration of training	Pathology diagnosis	IF/TA	AS	protein	creatine	Vit D use	S (CK)	S (Ca)	S (Cr)	S (Cr) 1 year
1	26	7 years	ATN, microcalcifications	30%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	10.1	2.8	1.3
2	21	3 years	ATN, microcalcifications	15%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	10.0	3.8	1.0
3	21	4 years	ATN, microcalcifications	0	+	+	+	Oral	nd	9.4	3.1	1.1
4	20	3 years	ATN, microcalcifications	40%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	10.0	2.6	1.2
5	23	4 years	ATN, microcalcifications	20%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	9.8	3.2	1.2
6	22	6 month	ATN, myoglobin casts	30%	–	+	–	–	6893	nd	8.6	1.0
7	19	1 month	ATN, myoglobin casts	0	–	–	–	–	1254	nd	3.8	1.0
8	30	5 years	TIN	10%	–	+	+	Oral	nd	8.9	3.4	1.1
9	30	10 years	FSGS, NOS	50%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	nd	2.5	ESRD
10	40	20+ years	FSGS, perihilar	0	+	+	+	Oral	nd	nd	1.3	1.3
11	32	8 years	PIGN	0	+	+	+	Oral	nd	nd	1.9	1.2
12	49	20+ years	MGN	5%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	nd	1.4	1.1
13	26	5 years	MGN	25%	+	+	+	Oral	nd	nd	1.6	1.3
14	27	8 years	Nephrocalcinosis	70%	+	+	+	INJ	nd	13.1	1.9	ESRD
15	24	2 years	Nephrocalcinosis	40%	+	+	+	INJ	nd	12.8	2.0	3.4

Abbreviations: nd not done, IF/TA interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, AS anabolic steroids, S (Ca) serum calcium, mg/dL, S (Cr) serum creatinine, mg/dL, S (CK) serum creatine kinase, U/L, ATN acute tubular necrosis, FSGS focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, PIGN post-infectious glomerulonephritis, MGN membranous glomerulonephritis, TIN tubulointerstitial nephritis, INJ injected veterinary grade Vitamin D compounds, ESRD end-stage renal disease. Laboratory data is for the time of diagnosis except for serum creatinine at one year follow-up [S (Cr) 1 year]

ISSN: 1471-2369