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Table 4 Characteristics of observational studies included

From: Physical health-related quality of life at higher achieved hemoglobin levels among chronic kidney disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study

Design

Exposure

pop. (n)

Mean eGFR (mL.min)

Age(y) mean Total

Mean Hb mg.dl (sd)

ESA use (%)

Diabetes (%)

Follow up (months)

Instrument

Population characteristics

Estimates for mean difference PCS

Estimates for mean difference fatigue

Quality score

Plantinga, L.

Prospective Cohort

Hb > 11 after 6 months starting HD

438

5D

60

10.4

70%

NR

12

SF-36

Incident HD patients, >  18 years, HRQOL collected

1.56 (0.16,2.96)

2.39 (-0.51,5.29)

8

Freburger

Retrospective Cohort

ESA dose terciles and Iron treatment

13,039

5D

59

11.8

94%

60% (42%)

12

SF-36

Prevalent HD pts., Medicare database, TSAT + HRQOL

Overall: - 0.1 (-0.7 to 0.5). Hb < 11 g/dL: 2.5 (0.6 to 4.3)

NR

6

De Goeij

Prospective Cohort

11 < Hb < 12 vs. Hb > 13

371

16.9

69 (55–76)

12.3 (1.5)

48

26 (13)

24

SF-36

Prevalent pre-dialysis patients

Overall: 4.9 * - younger/ESA 8.9 (2.1, 15.8)

5 *

8

Binder

Prospective Cohort

Anemia (WHO criteria)

311

45

84

12

0

42

26

Barthel index

Nursing residents with CKD

–

–

5

Schnelle

Retrospective Cohort

Anemia (WHO criteria)

173

40

84 (7)

NR

NR

NR

12

NR

Nursing residents with CKD

–

–

2

  1. HD Hemodialysis, TSAT Transferrin Saturation, WHO World Health Organization (Hb < 12 g/dL). * Confidence interval not provided. P value reported as significative. PCS Physical Component Score, DM Diabetes mellitus, Mo Months, CHD Coronary heart disease. IHD Ischemic Heart Disease, M Male, LV Left Ventricular, RRT Renal replacement therapy, NR Not reported, 5D Stage 5 CKD, IV Intravenous