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Table 3 Examples of the analytic process, including full citations, initial codes, subthemes, and themes

From: Exploring health literacy in patients with chronic kidney disease: a qualitative study

Citations/raw data

Initial codes

Subthemes

Themes

118.

No, but I have chosen not to familiarize myself with it because I don’t want to think about it. Yes, I know that, OK, the nephrologist has me under surveillance; therefore, I do not have to think about it.

Interviewer: Do you ask about things you wonder about yourself?

Very seldom, because I know she (the nephrologist) will tell me if there is anything I need to know. I do not read anything.

Chooses not to familiarize herself with CKD; the nephrologist has her under surveillance, and she does not need to ask questions or think about it.

Passive health information receiver

Variation in people’s attitudes and behavior as health information seekers

57.

I got some information from the doctor, and I have read some on the internet myself …. Norsk helseinformatikk or something like that or other articles; there is plenty of information out there …. If I find good pages, it is okay, I think …. I know my diagnosis, and I look for similar information about it online …

Obtains some information from the nephrologist and seeks additional information online.

Active health information seeker

 

227.

I have to say, when you have many different diseases, then it is difficult going to the doctor because they blame it on the other disease; they pass off the responsibility. I think they are frustrated. It is difficult for me to know what the nephrologist’s area is.

The specialists pass off the responsibility; it is difficult to know which specialist to consult.

 

The problem of fragmented healthcare in the context of multimorbidity makes the healthcare system challenging to navigate

118.

… I feel I have got very good connection with her; I can ask what I want. If there is anything I am concerned about, I ask her; I get answers. If she does not know, she will find out.

Good connection with the healthcare provider makes it easy to ask about every concern.

 

The value of a good relationship with healthcare providers