Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included studies
Author | Country | Type of Surgery | Total number of patients in study (n) | Mean age years ± SD [IQR] | Ischemic heart disease (%) | Diabetes (%) | Outcomes reported | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-transplanted patients | Transplant patients | Non-transplanted patients | Transplant patients | Non-transplanted patients | Transplant patients | Non-transplanted patients | Transplant patients | ||||
Cavanaugh, 2015 [16] | USA | Orthopaedic; Joint Arthroplasty | 2,583,529 | 3209 | 66.8 ± 11.6 | 53.5 ± 13.1 | – | – | – | – | Cardiac failure, surgical site infection, PE/DVT, pneumonia, sepsis, Acute kidney injury |
Choi, 2013 [17] | USA | Orthopaedic; Total hip arthroplasty | 2044 | 222 | 57.4 ± 15.2 | 44.2 ± 11.2 | 110 (5.4) | 12 (5.4) | 233 (11.4) | 26 (11.7) | Acute kidney injury |
Farag, 2017 [18] | UK | Cardiac; CABG | 70 | 70 | 58.6 ± 10.3 | 57.8 ± 11.2 | 32 (45.7) | 28 (40.0) | 29 (41.4) | 42 (60.0) | 30-day mortality, Surgical site infection, Pneumonia, Sepsis, Stroke, GI, Transfusion, Return to theatre, ICU admission, Acute kidney injury, Urinary tract infection |
Halabi, 2013 [4] | USA | General; colorectal | 1,402,020 | 1305 | 65 ± 11.0 | 59.0 ± 3.1 | 161,029 (11.5) | 272 (20.8) | 347,041 (24.8) | 772 (59.0) | In-hospital mortality, surgical site infection, PE/DVT, pneumonia, stroke, GI, transfusions, Acute kidney injury, Urinary tract infection |
John, 2007 [5] | USA | Cardiac; CABG & Valve | 895 | 70 | 61 ± 13.6 | 52.1 ± 9.9 | 881 (98.4) | 50 (71.4) | 350 (39.1) | 65 (92.9) | 30-day mortality, myocardial infarction, surgical site infection, pneumonia, sepsis, stroke, GI, Return to theatre, ICU admission, Acute kidney injury |
Klement, 2016 [19] | USA | Orthopaedic; Total knee arthroplasty | 1,685,295 | 3334 | 69.5 ± 9.7 | 67 ± 8.1 | – | – | – | – | Myocardial infarction, Cardiac failure, PE/DVT, stroke, Transfusions, Acute kidney injury |
Kohmoto, 2018 [20] | USA | Cardiac; CABG & Valve | 345 | 115 | 60 ± 14 | 58 ± 11 | 147 (42) | 38 (33) | 205 (59) | 71 (62) | 30-day mortality, Surgical site infection, Return to theatre, Pneumonia, Acute kidney injury, Stroke, 30-day readmission |
Lederer, 2019 [21] | Germany | General; Abdominal surgery | 84 | 84 | 59.8 ± 12.7 | 59.0 ± 9.0 | – | – | – | – | In-hospital mortality return to theatre, surgical site infection, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, transfusions, pulmonary embolism, gastrointestinal complications. |
Li, 2014 [22] | China | Orthopaedic: Total hip arthroplasty | 600 | 300 | 47.3 ± 16.4 | 45.0 ± 10.2 | 25 (4.2) | 15 (5.0) | 90 (15.0) | 35 (11.7) | Acute kidney injury |
Nakhla, 2017 [23] | USA | Orthoapeadic; Lumbar fusion | 263,757 | 239 | 55 ± 14 | 61 ± 10 | – | – | 35,607 (13.5) | 118 (31.4) | Surgical site infection, Acute kidney injury |
Sharma, 2013 [24] | Australia | Cardiac; CABG & Valve | 104 | 30 | 56.5 ± 11.1 | 55.7 ± 11.5 | 20 (19.2) | 6 (20.0) | 25 (24.0) | 9 (30.0) | In-hospital mortality, Cardiac failure, Pneumonia, Sepsis, Stroke, Return to theatre, Acute kidney injury |
Stewart, 2012 [25] | USA | General; colorectal | 162,986 | 3765 | 64 ± 12.1 | 57.4 ± 9.4 | 11,734 (12.3) | 196 (9.2) | 24,448 (25.6) | 489 (22.9) | In-hospital mortality, Cardiac failure, Surgical site infection, Pneumonia, Sepsis, GI, Acute kidney Injury |
Sun, 2018 [26] | USA | Urology; Penile Prosthesis | 26 | 26 | 56.4 ± 9.0 | 53.7 ± 8.1 | 8 (30.8) | 15 (57.7) | 14 (53.9) | 22 (84.6) | Return to theatre |
Vargo, 2015 [27] | USA | Coronary artery bypass graft | 1,705,949 | 2712 | 65.5 ± 11.8 | 58.2 ± 10.5 | 527,337 (30.9) | 642 (23.7) | 452,483 (26.5) | 667 (24.6) | In-hospital mortality, Surgical site infection, Pneumonia, stroke, GI, Acute kidney injury |