Table 3 Chronic excretion of urinary NGAL
| Â | Chronic excretion of urinary NGAL | OR | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes = 49 n (%) | No = 41 n (%) | |||
Sex |  |  | 5.15 | < 0.001 |
 Male | 9 (10.0) | 22 (24.4) |  |  |
 Female | 40 (44.4) | 19 (21.1) |  |  |
Thalassemia type | Â | Â | Â | 0.207 |
 β0/βE thalassemia | 30 (33.3) | 27 (30.0) |  |  |
 β0/β0 thalassemia | 15 (16.7) | 11 (12.2) |  |  |
 Hemoglobin H disease | 4 (4.4) | 3 (7.3) |  |  |
Splenectomy | 29 (32.2) | 25 (27.8) | 0.92 | 0.055 |
Type of iron chelation | ||||
 Deferoxamine (DFO) | 25 (27.8) | 16 (17.8) | 1.62 | 0.255 |
 Deferiprone (DFP) | 39 (33.3) | 26 (28.8) | 2.25 | 0.088 |
 Deferasirox (DFX) | 6 (6.7) | 7 (7.8) | 0.67 | 0.516 |
 Combined DFO + DFP | 19 (21.1) | 6 (6.7) | 3.69 | 0.011 |
 Combined DFP + DFX | 2 (2.1) | 2 (2.1) | 0.83 | 0.855 |
Presence of EMH | 21 (23.3) | 10 (11.1) | 2.32 | 0.066 |
Presence of pulmonary hypertension | 12 (13.3) | 5 (5.6) | 2.20 | 0.168 |
Presence of LVH | 11 (12.2) | 10 (11.1) | 0.86 | 0.778 |
Presence of heart failure | 7 (7.8) | 1 (1.1) | 6.67 | 0.067 |
Hemochromatosis | 29 (32.2) | 13 (14.4) | 3.01 | 0.012 |
Elevated serum LDH | 33 (36.7) | 18 (20.0) | 2.81 | 0.018 |
Elevated serum NT-proBNP | 21 (23.3) | 18 (20.0) | 0.96 | 0.921 |
24 h urine, Median (IQR) | ||||
 Protein (mg/24 h.) | 221.0 (143.4–298.6) | 157.0 (80.3–233.8) |  | 0.035 |
 Sodium (mmol/24 h.) | 126.0 (76.6–175.4) | 127.0 (80.4–173.6) |  | 0.471 |
 Magnesium (mEq/24 h.) | 4.9 (3.1–6.7) | 3.8 (2.5–5.0) |  | 0.094 |
Chronic Proteinuria | 33 (36.7) | 18 (20.0) | 2.63 | 0.025 |
Cardiorenal syndrome | 18 (20.0) | 7 (7.8) | 2.82 | 0.038 |
Mean liver iron concentration (mg/g) (±SD) | 13.98 (±5.65) | 13.4 (±6.34) |  | 0.793 |
Mean cardiac T2 star (ms) (±SD) | 38.0 (±14.1) | 36.0 (±9.19) |  | 0.591 |
Echocardiogram mean (±SD) | ||||
 Left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF], (mmHg) | 66.2 (±6.4) | 62.1 (±8.4) |  | 0.198 |
 Right ventricular systolic pressure [RVSP], (mmHg) | 56.0 (±17.7) | 99.0 (±72.2) |  | 0.093 |
 Mean pulmonary arterial pressure [mPAP], (mmHg) | 53.0 (±39.6) | 18.2 (±0.4) |  | 0.192 |
 Tricuspid velocity [TV], (m/s) | 308.9 (± 64.5) | 316.5 (±135.5) |  | 0.853 |
 E/A ratio of tricuspid valve | 1.21 (±0.34) | 1.45 (±0.44) |  | 0.240 |
 E/E’ ratio of tricuspid valve | 12.7 (±2.38) | 10.05 (±0.92) |  | 0.087 |