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Table 3 Primary and secondary outcomes of the ‘Save the Kidney’-bundle

From: Bundled care in acute kidney injury in critically ill patients, a before-after educational intervention study

Outcome

Usual care group

STK group

RR (95%CI) P-value

Number of patients

1295

1347

 

Primary outcome (AKI progression, need for RRT and ICU mortality) (N (%))

388 (30)

465 (36)

1.15 (1.03–1.29)

0.001 (*)

Overall ICU mortality (N (%))

72 (5.6)

91 (6.8)

1.22 (0.90–1.64)

0.068 (*)

Need for RRT during ICU admission (N (%))

46 (3.6)

22 (1.6)

0.46 (0.28–0.76)

0.002 (*)

AKI progression (N (%))

326 (25)

402 (31)

1.19 (1.05–1.34)

0.001 (**)

Maximum AKI stage during 48 h

  

0.87 (0.82–0.93)

No AKI (N (%))

863(67)

783 (61)

< 0.001 (***)

AKI stage 1 (N (%))

238 (18)

299 (23)

1.21 (1.04–1.41)

AKI stage 2 (N (%))

128 (10)

169 (13)

1.27 (1.02–1.58)

AKI stage 3 (N (%))

66 (5.1)

41 (3.2)

0.6 (0.41–0.88)

ICU LoS (days; median [IQR])

2 [2–3]

2 [2–3]

0.319 (*)

Hospital mortality (N (%))

117 (9)

137 (10.2)

0.248 (*)

  1. STK ‘Save the Kidney’, AKI Acute kidney injury, RRT Renal replacement therapy, ICU Intensive care unit, LoS Length of stay, IQR Inter quartile range, RR Relative risk, CI Confidence interval. (*): p value considering difference between outcome in the usual care group and the STK group. (**) p value considering difference in AKI incidence between both groups. (***) p value considering difference in AKI severity between both groups