Evidence of selected nephrotoxic elements in Sri Lankan human autopsy bone samples of patients with CKDu and controls

Table 3 Lead, calcium, lead per unit calcium, cadmium and fluoride content of bone samples of CKDu cases vs. controls

Variable	CKDu (n = 14)		controls (n = 33)		z value*	p value
Variable	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	z value*	p value
Lead μg/g	1.09	0.80	0.66	0.42	−1.815	0.070
Calcium μg/g	70,740.32	30,713.50	72,081.67	46,981.64	−0.837	0.402
Calcium adjusted lead ×10⁻⁶	14.68	7.51	10.38	5.74	−2.256	0.024
Cadmium μg/g	0.030	0.037	0.036	0.042	−0.782	0.434
Mercury μg/g	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.003	0.000	1.000
Fluoride μg/g	594.16	335.82	22.49	44.50	−5.719	< 0.001

* As the dataset was not normally distributed, the non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) was performed to compare the two means and the z statistic was calculated by the Mann-Whitney U test

ISSN: 1471-2369