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Table 2 Risk of development of NODAT (unadjusted and adjusted) in Malaysian renal transplant recipients according to clinical characteristics presented as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence of interval (CI)

From: Clinical and genetic risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation (NODAT) in major transplant centres in Malaysia

Clinical characteristics

Unadjusted

HR (95% CI), p

Adjusteda

HR (95% CI), p

Gender b

 - Females

0.99 (0.65, 1.52), 0.98

0.70 (0.34, 1.43), 0.33

Age at transplant

1.04 (1.02, 1.06), < 0.0001

1.01 (0.97, 1.06), 0.56

Ethnicitiesc

 - Chinese

2.27 (1.13, 4.54), 0.02

1.46 (0.43, 4.96), 0.55

 - Indian

2.19 (0.91, 5.27), 0.08

1.88 (0.47, 7.55), 0.37

Primary kidney diseased

 - Hypertension

1.89 (1.05, 3.39), 0.03

1.10 (0.38, 3.21), 0.86

 - Others

0.84 (0.58, 1.53), 0.82

0.77 (0.17, 3.55), 0.74

Type of donore

 - Living related

1.07 (0.69, 1.65), 0.51

0.60 (0.17, 2.07), 0.59

 - Living non-related

0.65 (0.29, 1.45), 0.29

0.58 (0.18, 1.9), 0.38

Place of transplantf

 - Overseas

1.42 (0.93, 2.17), 0.10

1.04 (0.42. 2.56), 0.93

Types of calcineurin inhibitorsg

 - Tacrolimus

0.95 (0.61, 1.47), 0.81

0.95 (0.60, 1.51), 0.84

 - Both

1.26 (0.54, 2.96), 0.59

0.89 (0.37, 2.12), 0.79

Duration of dialysis (month)

0.99 (0.90, 0.99), 0.04

0.99 (0.98, 1.01), 0.27

BMI post-transplant

1.01 (0.97, 1.06), 0.44

0.93 (0.81, 1.06), 0.29

Levels of creatinine post-transplant

1.00 (0.99, 1.00), 0.58

1.00 (0.99, 1.02), 0.62

Average daily dose of cyclosporine

1.01 (1.00, 1.01), < 0.0001

1.01 (1.00, 1.01), 0.002

Average daily dose of tacrolimus

1.15 (1.03, 1.27), 0.009

1.10 (0.98, 1.23), 0.11

Average daily dose of prednisolone

1.11 (1.06, 1.16), < 0.0001

1.07 0.96, 1.20), 0.23

  1. aAdjusted for age at transplant, ethnicities, primary kidney disease, duration of dialysis pre-transplant and doses of immunosuppressants
  2. b reference: Males c reference: Malay ethnicities
  3. d reference: Glomerulonephritis e reference: Cadaveric donor
  4. f reference: Transplanted in Malaysia g reference: cyclosporine as immunosuppressant