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Table 1 General characteristics of study patients

From: Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin at 3 hours after return of spontaneous circulation in patients with cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia: early predictor of acute kidney injury

Characteristics

Total

Acute kidney injury

Neurologic outcome at discharge

(−)

(+)

p-value

Good

Poor

p-value

Number of patients

89

(100.0)

40

(44.9)

49

(55.1)

 

35

(39.3)

54

(60.7)

 

Sex

      

0.430

    

0.124

 Male

63

(70.8)

30

(75.0)

33

(67.3)

 

28

(80.0)

35

(64.8)

 

 Female

26

(29.2)

10

(25.0)

16

(32.7)

 

7

(20.0)

19

(35.2)

 

Age (years)

56.0

(43.5–66.0)

53.0

(43.0–62.0)

58.0

(44.5–67.0)

0.358

55.0

(43.0–62.0)

56.0

(44.8–68.0)

0.245

Medical history

 HTN

28

(31.5)

11

(27.5)

17

(34.7)

0.467

13

(37.1)

15

(27.8)

0.353

 DM

18

(20.2)

5

(12.5)

13

(26.5)

0.101

7

(20.0)

11

(20.4)

0.966

 HF

2

(2.2)

1

(2.5)

1

(2.0)

1.000

1

(2.9)

1

(1.9)

1.000

Initial rhythm by EMS or hospital

      

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Vf

40

(44.9)

26

(65.0)

14

(28.6)

 

26

(74.3)

14

(25.9)

 

 PEA

18

(20.2)

9

(22.5)

9

(18.4)

 

5

(14.3)

13

(24.1)

 

 Asystol

28

(31.5)

4

(10.0)

24

(49.0)

 

3

(8.6)

25

(46.3)

 

 Unknown

3

(3.4)

1

(2.5)

2

(4.1)

 

1

(2.9)

2

(3.7)

 

Witness cardiac arrest

66

(74.2)

37

(92.5)

29

(59.2)

< 0.001

32

(91.4)

34

(63.0)

0.003

Bystander CPR

49

(55.1)

25

(62.5)

24

(49.0)

0.202

20

(57.1)

29

(53.7)

0.750

EMS activation to EMS arrival (min)

7.0

(5.6–10.0)

7.0

(6.0–9.0)

7.0

(5.0–10.0)

0.922

6.0

(5.0–10.0)

8.0

(6.0–10.0)

0.305

EMS activation to first defibrillation (min)

7.5

(6.0–12.0)

7.5

(6.0–10.0)

7.5

(5.6–12.3)

1.000

7.0

(6.0–10.0)

9.0

(6.0–12.0)

0.389

Time to ROSC (min)

25.0

(13.8–35.0)

19.0

(11.5–33.5)

27.0

(14.0–36.5)

0.410

16.5

(10.5–29.5)

30.5

(14.8–37.3)

0.007

Epinephrine dose during CPR

1.0

(0.0–3.0)

0.0

(0.0–1.0)

3.0

(1.0–4.0)

< 0.001

0.0

(0.0–0.0)

2.5

(1.0–4.0)

< 0.001

  1. Quantitative data are expressed as median (interquartile range), categorical data are presented as number of subjects (percentages). Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variable analysis, while chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical variable analysis as appropriate
  2. HTN hypertension, DM diabetes mellitus, HF heart failure, Vf ventricular fibrillation, PEA pulseless electrical activity, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, EMS emergency medical system, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation
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