Symptom-burden in people living with frailty and chronic kidney disease

Nixon, A. C.; Wilkinson, T. J.; Young, H.M.L.; Taal, M. W.; Pendleton, N.; Mitra, S.; Brady, M. E.; Dhaygude, A. P.; Smith, A. C.

doi:10.1186/s12882-020-02063-6

BMC Nephrology

Table 4 Association Between Frailty and Symptoms Frequently Experienced

From: Symptom-burden in people living with frailty and chronic kidney disease

	SE	Unadjusted P Value	Odds Ratio	95% CI
Itching
- Frailty	0.31	< 0.001^*	3.17	1.72–5.84
- Age	0.02	0.89	1.00	0.97–1.03
- Female	0.28	0.04	0.56	0.32–0.97
- eGFR	0.01	0.48	0.99	0.97–1.02
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.37	0.99	0.98–1.01
Sleep disturbance
- Frailty	0.29	< 0.001^*	2.97	1.68–5.25
- Age	0.01	0.61	0.99	0.97–1.02
- Female	0.27	0.002^*	2.34	1.38–3.96
- eGFR	0.01	0.37	0.99	0.96–1.02
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.05	1.02	1.00–1.04
Loss of appetite
- Frailty	0.79	0.07	4.34	0.91–20.70
- Age	0.03	0.34	1.03	0.97–1.08
- Female	0.48	0.14	2.04	0.80–5.17
- eGFR	0.02	0.05	0.96	0.92–1.00
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.17	0.98	0.96–1.01
Tiredness
- Frailty	0.28	< 0.001^*	3.90	2.25–6.78
- Age	0.01	0.02	0.97	0.94–0.99
- Female	0.26	0.01	1.97	1.17–3.30
- eGFR	0.01	0.07	0.98	0.95–1.00
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.81	1.00	0.98–1.01
Bone/joint pain
- Frailty	0.26	< 0.001^*	3.56	2.14–5.92
- Age	0.01	0.29	1.02	0.99–1.04
- Female	0.26	0.007^*	2.03	1.21–3.40
- eGFR	0.01	0.06	0.98	0.95–1.00
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.72	1.00	0.98–1.01
Poor concentration
- Frailty	0.41	0.001^*	3.94	1.75–8.87
- Age	0.02	0.66	1.01	0.97–1.04
- Female	0.33	0.06	1.87	0.98–3.56
- eGFR	0.02	0.48	0.99	0.96–1.02
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.25	1.01	0.99–1.04
Loss of muscle strength
- Frailty	0.32	< 0.001^*	4.94	2.61–9.35
- Age	0.02	0.02	1.04	1.01–1.07
- Female	0.29	0.23	1.42	0.80–2.51
- eGFR	0.02	0.04	0.97	0.94–1.00
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.57	1.01	0.99–1.02
Breathlessness
- Frailty	0.40	< 0.001^*	5.65	2.56–12.48
- Age	0.02	0.29	1.02	0.98–1.05
- Female	0.29	0.27	1.38	0.78–2.43
- eGFR	0.01	0.68	0.99	0.97–1.02
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.06	0.99	0.97–1.00
Cramp/muscle stiffness
- Frailty	0.34	< 0.001^*	4.25	2.19–8.24
- Age	0.02	0.86	1.00	0.97–1.03
- Female	0.29	0.03	1.90	1.07–3.37
- eGFR	0.02	0.26	0.98	0.96–1.01
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.08	1.02	1.00–1.04
Restless legs
- Frailty	0.35	0.03	2.10	1.06–4.17
- Age	0.02	0.59	1.01	0.98–1.04
- Female	0.31	0.91	1.04	0.57–1.89
- eGFR	0.02	0.78	1.00	0.97–1.04
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.86	1.00	0.98–1.02
Feeling cold
- Frailty	0.29	0.002^*	2.45	1.39–4.31
- Age	0.01	0.59	1.01	0.98–1.03
- Female	0.25	0.15	1.45	0.88–2.38
- eGFR	0.01	0.20	0.98	0.96–1.01
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.91	1.00	0.98–1.02
Urinary frequency
- Frailty	0.29	0.13	1.54	0.88–2.71
- Age	0.01	0.05	1.03	1.00–1.06
- Female	0.26	0.58	1.15	0.70–1.91
- eGFR	0.01	0.44	0.99	0.96–1.02
- Haemoglobin	0.01	0.30	1.01	0.99–1.02

^*Remain statistically significant following Bonferroni correction

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