From: Pain management in patients with end-stage renal disease and calciphylaxis- a survey of clinical practices among physicians
Drug
Background pain
Breakthrough pain
Procedure related pain
Oxycodone
24
38
21
Fentanyl
17
7
18
Alfentanil
13
11
23
Morphine
4
8
Tramadol
5
3
Codeine
6
2
0
Diamorphine
1
Buprenorphine
Methadone
Tapentadol