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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study population

From: Methods to estimate baseline creatinine and define acute kidney injury in lean Ugandan children with severe malaria: a prospective cohort study

 

Community children (CC)

Severe Malaria (n = 1078)

P value Combined CC vs. Severe Malaria

Cohort #1 (n = 172)

Cohort #2 (n = 117)

Combined (n = 289)

Enrollment years

2008–2013

2014–2017

2008–2017

2008–2017

–

Age, years

 Mean (SD)

4.01 (2.03)

2.22 (1.02)

3.28 (1.91)

2.83 (1.62)

0.0001

 Median (IQR)

3.59 (2.61, 4.62)

2.21 (1.39, 3.09)

3.00 (2.06, 3.92)

2.50 (1.75, 3.47)

 Min, Max

1.55, 11.44

0.53, 3.96

0.53, 11.44

0.46, 11.69

Age category, n(%)

 < 1

0 (0.0)

18 (15.4)

18 (6.2)

74 (6.9)

0.001

 1- < 2

11 (6.4)

35 (29.9)

46 (15.9)

296 (27.5)

 2–5

128 (74.4)

64 (54.7)

192 (66.4)

609 (56.5)

 > 5

33 (19.2)

0 (0.0)

33 (11.4)

99 (9.2)

Sex, % F

94 (54.7)

55 (47.0)

149 (51.2)

455 (42.2)

0.004

Height, cm

96.6 (13.6)

83.7 (10.4)

91.4 (13.9)

88.8 (12.8)

0.0032

Weight, kg

14.7 (4.4)

11.6 (2.6)

13.5 (4.1)

12.0 (3.6)

< 0.0001

BMI, kg/m2

15.6 (1.7)

16.5 (1.7)

15.9 (1.7)

15.1 (1.8)

< 0.0001

Weight-for-agea

−0.82 (0.98)

− 0.47 (1.08)

− 0.68 (1.04)

−1.10 (1.10)

< 0.0001

Underweighta n (%)

21 (12.5)

9 (7.7)

30 (10.5)

209 (19.6)

< 0.0001

Height-for-ageb

−1.25 (1.13)

−1.26 (1.34)

− 1.25 (1.22)

−1.17 (1.35)

0.3602

Stunted, n (%)

43 (25.0)

36 (30.8)

79 (27.3)

259 (24.1)

0.250

Weight-for-height < 5c

−0.15 (1.25)

0.30 (1.02)

0.05 (1.17)

−0.65 (1.32)

< 0.0001

BMI-for-age > 5d

−0.30 (0.84)

–

−0.30 (0.84)

− 0.80 (1.43)

0.0635

Wasted, n (%)e

8 (4.7)

3 (2.6)

11 (3.8)

156 (14.6)

< 0.0001

Systolic BP

94.1 (10.2)

98.5 (11.7)

95.9 (11.1)

95.9 (13.0)

0.9164

Diastolic BP

60.9 (10.6)

59.1 (9.8)

60.2 (10.4)

56.9 (12.1)

< 0.0001

Enrollment SCr

 Mean ± SD

0.31 (0.08)

0.26 (0.07)

0.29 (0.08)

0.48 (0.48)

< 0.0001

 Median (IQR)

0.30 (0.24, 0.35)

0.25 (0.20, 0.30)

0.28 (0.23, 0.33)

0.38 (0.29, 0.49)

 Min, Maxa

0.19, 0.56

0.19, 0.46

0.19, 1.0

0.19, 7.3

Enrollment eGFR, ml/min per 1.73m2

136.4 (29.3)

137.7 (30.5)

136.9 (29.8)

99.5 (38.2)

< 0.0001

  1. Data are presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated. Undernutrition (weight-for-age z score < −2), stunted (height-for-age z score < −2), wasted (weight-for-height or bmi-for-age z score < −2) according to WHO 2006 (age 0–5 years) and 2007 (5–12 years) reference standards
  2. aWeight-for-age z scores available for children < 10 years (Cohort #1, CC n = 168, SM n = 476; Cohort #2, CC n = 117, SM n = 591; Combined, CC n = 285; SM, n = 1067)
  3. bHeight-for-age z scores (Cohort #1, CC n = 168, SM n = 479; Cohort #2, CC n = 117, SM n = 598; Combined, CC n = 289; SM, n = 1077)
  4. cWeight-for-height z scores available for children < 5 years (Cohort #1, CC n = 139, SM n = 388; Cohort #2, CC n = 117, SM n = 591; Combined, CC n = 256; SM, n = 979)
  5. dBMI-for-age z scores available for children ≥5 years of age (Cohort #1, CC n = 33, SM = 91; Cohort #2, CC n = 0, SM n = 0; Combined, CC n = 33; SM, n = 91)
  6. eWasted (Cohort #1, CC n = 172, SM = 479; Cohort #2, CC n = 117, SM n = 591; Combined, CC n = 289; SM, n = 1070)
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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