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Table 2 Odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of incident chronic kidney disease according to tertiles of dietary exposures

From: A prospective study on total protein, plant protein and animal protein in relation to the risk of incident chronic kidney disease

 

Tertiles of dietary intake

T1

T2

T3

P for trend

Total Protein

n = 544(CKD = 82)

n = 542(CKD = 66)

n = 544(CKD = 71)

 

 Model 1

1.00

0.75 (0.52–1.09)

0.79 (0.54–1.14)

0.197

 Model 2

1.00

0.67 (0.44–1.03)

0.62 (0.34–1.12)

0.090

 Model 3

1.00

0.67 (0.44–1.02)

0.59 (0.32–1.07)

0.066

 Model 4

1.00

0.67 (0.44–1.02)

0.59 (0.32–1.08)

0.071

 Model 5

1.00

0.65 (0.43–1.00)

0.59 (0.32–1.08)

0.067

Plant Protein

n = 543(CKD = 90)

n = 544(CKD = 70)

n = 543(CKD = 59)

 

 Model 1

1.00

0.80 (0.56–1.14)

0.61 (0.42–0.90)

0.012

 Model 2

1.00

0.63 (0.42–0.94)

0.41 (0.23–0.71)

0.001

 Model 3

1.00

0.55 (0.36–0.84)

0.29 (0.15–0.55)

<  0.001

 Model 4

1.00

0.55 (0.36–0.83)

0.29 (0.15–0.55)

<  0.001

 Model 5

1.00

0.55 (0.36–0.83)

0.28 (0.14–0.53)

<  0.001

Animal protein

n = 544(CKD = 73)

n = 542(CKD = 74)

n = 544(CKD = 72)

 

 Model 1

1.00

0.95 (0.66–1.37)

0.91 (0.62–1.32)

0.626

 Model 2

1.00

0.93 (0.63–1.38)

0.93 (0.59–1.46)

0.745

 Model 3

1.00

0.94 (0.64–1.38)

0.91 (0.57–1.44)

0.686

 Model 4

1.00

0.94 (0.63–1.38)

0.91 (0.57–1.45)

0.699

 Model 5

1.00

0.94 (0.63–1.38)

0.91 (0.57–1.44)

0.681

  1. P for trend across tertiles calculated with the exposure modelled as a continuous variable
  2. Model 1: crude
  3. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, smoking, total energy intake, physical activity, BMI
  4. Model 3: additionally adjusted for total fiber intake and energy percent from fat
  5. Model 4: additionally adjusted for diabetes mellitus and hypertension
  6. Model 5: additionally adjusted for FBS and systolic BP instead of diabetes and hypertension