Table 3 Associations between stage of kidney disease, key demographics, and levels of health-related hope^a

Stage of kidney disease

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

(vs. non-dialysis stage 2/3)

non-dialysis Stage 4

− 7.1 (− 13.8 – − 0.4)

− 7.5 (− 14.2 – − 0.9)

−7.0 (− 13.7 – − 0.3)

non-dialysis Stage 5

−16.2 (− 25.6 – − 6.7)

−17.2 (− 26.5 – − 8.0)

−16.8 (− 26.1 – − 7.6)

dialysis, > 0 to 1 yr

− 11.8 (− 18.3 – − 5.4)

− 9.1 (− 15.5 – − 2.7)

− 7.9 (− 14.4 – − 1.4)

dialysis, > 1 to 3 yr

− 9.5 (− 15.8 – − 3.2)

−6.6 (− 12.9 – − 0.3)

−4.9 (− 11.3–1.6)

dialysis, > 3 yr

−12.5 (− 17.9 – − 7.1)

−10.1 (− 15.5 – − 4.6)

−8.8 (− 14.5 – − 3.2)

Age, yr

per 10 yr

–

2.3 (1.0–3.7)

2.1 (0.7–3.5)

Presence of family, yes

–

7.5 (2.2–12.9)

7.7 (2.3–13.1)

Working, yes

–

1.3 (− 2.6–5.2)

1.0 (− 2.9–4.9)