BMC Nephrology

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of carotid intima-media thickness for baseline characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, disease histories, serum cystain C and albumin-to-creatinine ration

From: Independent associations of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and serum cystatin C with carotid intima-media thickness in community-living Taiwanese adults

Variables	IMT mean β (SE)			IMT-Maximum β (SE)
Variables	Age- and sex adjusted	Multivariate adjusted¹	Multivariate adjusted²	Age- and sex adjusted	Multivariate adjusted¹	Multivariate adjusted²
*Cystatin C (mg/L)*
≤ 0.87	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
0.88–1.01	18.42 (18.66)	12.36 (18.67)	6.42 (18.63)	36.89 (47.12)	19.63 (47.07)	5.44 (47.03)
> 1.02	52.60 (20.29)**	48.59 (20.35)*	37.89 (20.54)	177.35 (51.24)***	161.35 (51.29)**	134.76 (51.86)**
Continuous β (SE), per unit	88.71 (19.53)***	87.74 (19.56)***	80.49 (19.67)***	219.58 (49.46)***	210.80 (49.45)***	195.23 (49.76)***
*ACR groups*
Normal	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref
Microalbuminuria	61.06 (24.29)*	58.66 (24.22)*	42.78 (24.37)	185.85 (61.34)**	176.06 (61.06)**	141.62 (61.50)*
Macroalbuminuria	141.86 (49.28)**	139.41 (49.19)**	116.47 (50.24)*	220.74 (124.47)	208.90 (123.99)	165.18 (126.81)
Continuous β (SE), per unit	0.08 (0.02)***	0.08 (0.02)***	0.07 (0.02)***	0.15 (0.05)**	0.15 (0.05)**	0.14 (0.05)**

Multivariate adjusted¹ age, sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity
Multivariate adjusted² age, sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, metabolic syndrome components, fasting insulin and hs-CRP
IMT intima-media thickness, SE standard error, ACR albumin-to-creatinine ration
*: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001

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