Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants (n = 1353)
Characteristics | Total (n = 1353) | Males (n = 595) | Females (n = 758) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 44.3 ± 14.4 | 45.5 ± 14.2 | 43.4 ± 14.4 | 0.007 |
Hypertension (reported), n(%)a | 116 (8.6) | 35 (5.9) | 81 (10.7) | 0.002 |
Hypertension measured, n(%)a | 279 (20.6) | 126 (21.2) | 153 (20.2) | 0.457 |
Diabetes, (reported), n(%)a | 14 (1.0) | 7 (1.2) | 7 (0.9) | 0.648 |
Diabetes measured, n(%)a | 82 (6.1) | 30 (5.4) | 52 (6.6) | 0.351 |
Fasting blood sugar (mmol/L) | 5.8 (2.0) | 5.8 (1.8) | 5.8 (2.2) | 0.784 |
Systolic Blood pressure (mmHg) | 129 (22) | 129 (21) | 128 (22) | 0.306 |
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 80 (13) | 81 (13) | 79 (13) | 0.161 |
Weight (Kg) | 70.3 (15.9) | 70.1 (16.7) | 69.7 (18.5) | 0.092 |
Height (m) | 1.63 (0.1) | 1.69 (0.2) | 1.59 (0.2) | 0.001 |
Body Mass Index (Kg/M2) | 26.0 (5.8) | 24.5 (4.4) | 27.2 (6.4) | 0.001 |
Waist Circumference (cm) | 89.12 (18) | 86.18 (18) | 92.07 (18) | 0.001 |
Hip circumference (cm) | 91.69 (18) | 89.26 (18) | 94.12 (18) | 0.407 |
Waist-hip ratio | 0.97 (0.3) | 0.96 (0.4) | 0.98 (0.2) | 0.845 |
Proteinuria (dipstick), n(%)a | 175 (12.9) | 91 (15.3) | 84 (11.1) | 0.002 |
Albuminuria (mg/L)b | 30 (16–46) | 28 (16–44) | 30 (16–47) | 0.805 |
Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.9 (1.3) | 13.3 (1.2) | 12.6 (1.1) | 0.001 |
Left kidney (mm) | 93.4 (7.5) | 93.7 (10.7) | 92.0 (7.9) | 0.030 |
Right Kidney (mm) | 93.5 (7.0) | 94.4 (8.7) | 92.8 (7.3) | 0.002 |
Creatinine (umol/L)b | 80 (63–106) | 84 (65–109) | 77 (59–103) | 0.107 |
eGFRCKD-EPI (mL/min/1.73m2)b | 96.3 (69–126) | 106 (75–106) | 85 (61.114) | 0.031 |