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Table 3 Characteristics of participants with and without CKD (n = 1353)

From: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and risk factors in North-Central Nigeria: a population-based survey

Characteristic

CKD (n = 236)

no-CKD (n = 1117)

p value

Gender (Male), n(%)

80 (33.9)

515 (46.1)

0.001

Age (years)

46 (12)

42 (14)

0.045

Hypertension (reported), n(%)

25 (10.8)

91 (8.1)

0.188a

Hypertension measured, n(%)

52 (22)

227 (20.3)

0.512a

Systolic Blood pressure (mmHg)

129 (21)

0.564

128 (22)

Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)

81 (11)

80 (13)

0.543

Diabetes, (reported), n(%)

3 (1.3)

11 (0.9)

0.566a

Diabetes measured, n(%)

21 (9.1)

61 (5.4)

0.048a

Fasting blood sugar (mmol/L)

6.17 (2.5)

6.02 (2.2)

0.603

Weight (Kg)

70.5 (15)

70.3 (16)

0.868

Body Mass Index (Kg/M2)

26.5 (5.4)

26.2 (5.7)

0.607

Obesity (BMI ≥ 30Kg/M2)

35 (15.1)

139 (12.4)

0.266a

Waist Circumference (cm)

91.76 (17.8)

91.43 (18.8)

0.907

Hip circumference (cm)

98.3 (16.9)

92.3 (17.9)

0.01

Waist-hip ratio

0.95 (0.22)

1.00 (0.32)

0.208

Proteinuria (dipstick), n(%)

27 (11.4)

148 (13.2)

0.591a

Albuminuria (mg/L)b

38.6 (15.2–59.4)

30.9 (13.2–55.0)

0.042

Haemoglobin (g/dL)

12.8 (1.3)

12.9 (1.3)

0.706

Left kidney (mm)

93.3 (7.4)

93.4 (7.5)

0.911

Right Kidney (mm)

93.5 (7.6)

93.4 (7.7)

0.988

Creatinine (umol/L)b

146 (122–178)

80 (59–106)

0.001

eGFRm-CKD-EPI (mL/min/1.73m2)b

45.9 (34.4–55.3)

107.8 (87.8–135.9)

0.001

eGFRf-CKD-EPI (mL/min/1.73m2)b

43.9 (31.9–54.9)

102.9 (83.2–129.1)

0.001

eGFR-CKD-EPI (mL/min/1.73m2)b

44.8 (32.3–54.9)

104.5 (85.2–132.5)

0.001

  1. CKD chronic kidney disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, CKD-EPI chronic kidney disease-Epidemiology collaboration, eGFRm eGFRm for males, eGFRf eGFRm for females
  2. aChi square test
  3. bMedian (IQR)