Table 2 The main reasons for radiological investigation (n = 473) of the AVF – usually confirmed by measured blood flow problems. The referrals included several surveillance and monitoring findings to discriminate possible expected clinical findings. “Others“ are a blend of worsened dialysis, pain, artery suction and others. Doppler Ultrasound was used as a preemptive examination in 307 of the investigations

From: The association of erythropoietin-stimulating agents and increased risk for AV-fistula dysfunction in hemodialysis patients. A retrospective analysis