Fig. 1

Quarterly rates and 95% confidence intervals for (a) within-HD-unit and (b) outside-HD-unit claims for thrombolytic use, standardized for age, sex, race, dual eligibility, primary cause of ESRD, ESRD duration, and Liu comorbidity index (using Q1–2011 as the reference). CI, confidence interval; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; PPS, prospective payment system