Variables | Total (n = 2,211) | 1st tertile (n = 746) | 2nd tertile (n = 724) | 3rd tertile (n = 741) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 65.0 ± 15.2 | 66.4 ± 14.7‡ | 64.9 ± 15.6 | 63.6 ±15.1 | 0.001 |
Male (%) | 60.8 | 58.6 | 60.4 | 63.6 | 0.137 |
Body weight (kg) | 60.9 ±12.7 | 60.5 ± 12.5* | 60.3 ± 12.8* | 61.9 ± 12.8 | 0.034 |
Mechanical ventilator (%) | 79.1 | 80.0 | 79.0 | 78.3 | 0.705 |
Vasopressors (%) | 69.0 | 70.1 | 69.5 | 67.5 | 0.520 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 27.1 | 34.8 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 0.802 |
Hypertension (%) | 26.5 | 28.2 | 23.3 | 27.9 | 0.063 |
Ischemic heart disease (%) | 11.0 | 11.8 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 0.687 |
COPD (%) | 3.7 | 2.9 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 0.324 |
Cancer (%) | 34.3 | 34.7 | 35.6 | 32.5 | 0.434 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 80.7 ± 17.3 | 63.3 ± 8.3‡ | 79.3 ± 3.9‡ | 99.7 ± 11.9 | < 0.001 |
Heart rate (/min) | 104.7 ± 25.9 | 103.4 ± 26.4 | 104.9 ± 24.8 | 105.7 ± 26.4 | 0.235 |
Respiratory rate (/min) | 23.5 ± 7.8 | 23.4 ± 7.9 | 23.3 ± 7.8 | 23.7 ± 7.7 | 0.646 |
Body temperature (°C) | 36.5 ± 1.5 | 36.4 ± 1.9 | 36.5 ± 1.3 | 36.5 ±1.2 | 0.093 |
FiO2 | 0.6 [0.4–0.9] | 0.6 [0.4–1.0] | 0.6 [0.4–0.9] | 0.6 [0.4–0.9] | 0.172 |
PaO2 | 92.0 [71.0–128.0] | 89.5 [70.0–124.0] | 96.5 [73.0–133.0] | 90.0 [69.8–128.3] | 0.311 |
AaDO2 | 253.7 [122.4–469.0] | 284.6 [132.9–499.9] | 241.6 [119.7–454.1] | 243.3 [119.2–471.1] | 0.161 |
Laboratory findings | |||||
pH | 7.3 ± 0.2 | 7.3 ± 0.1† | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 7.3 ± 0.1 | 0.003 |
White blood cells (×103/uL) | 11.9 [6.7–18.7] | 11.6 [6.5–19.5] | 11.9 [7.0–18.6] | 12.2 [6.7–18.3] | 0.609 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 9.8 ± 2.1 | 9.7 ± 2.0* | 9.7 ± 2.2* | 10.0 ± 2.1 | 0.019 |
Platelet (×103/uL) | 102.0 [59.0–166.0] | 98.0 [59.0–157.0] | 103.0 [58.0–171.0] | 105.0 [58.0–171.0] | 0.906 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 138.5 ± 7.6 | 138.8 ± 8.0 | 138.1 ± 7.5 | 138.5 ± 7.2 | 0.154 |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 4.3 ± 0.9 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 0.313 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 44.0 [29.0–65.0] | 41.0 [27.0–64.0] | 45.5 [30.0–66.0] | 45.0 [30.0–65.0] | 0.243 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.4 [1.6–3.5] | 2.2 [1.6–3.3]* | 2.4 [1.6–3.6] | 2.5 [1.6–3.7] | 0.031 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 2.7 ± 0.6‡ | 2.8 ± 0.6* | 2.9 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 |
Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.8 [0.8–4.1] | 1.9 [0.9–4.1] | 1.9 [0.8–4.5] | 1.6 [0.8–3.7] | 0.935 |
CRRT dose (ml/kg/hr) | 40.0 [35.0–42.0] | 40.0 [35.0–43.8] | 40.0 [35.0–44.0] | 40.0 [35.0–40.0] | 0.402 |
APACHE II | 22.4 ± 9.7 | 24.6 ± 9.8‡ | 21.1 ± 9.5 | 21.3 ± 9.5 | < 0.001 |