Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics among patients with and without AKI
Factors | Non AKI group (n = 9253) | AKI group (n = 662) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Fundamental state | |||
Male, n (%) | 4299 (46.5) | 271 (40.9) | 0.006 |
Age (Year) | 52.8 ± 14.5 | 53.9 ± 14.2 | 0.048 |
Preoperative hemoglobin (g/dL) | 9.0 ± 5.2 | 8.1 ± 5.2 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension, n(%) | 1942 (21.0) | 186 (28.1) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 580 (6.3) | 70 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
pre-operative chronic kidney disease,n(%) | 600 (6.5) | 90 (13.6) | < 0.001 |
Preoperative serum creatinine, (μmol/L) | 87.2 ± 113.0 | 92.2 ± 110.4 | 0.271 |
Preoperative medication | |||
ACE inhibitors, n (%) | 438 (4.7) | 47 (7.1) | 0.006 |
ARB, n (%) | 274 (3.0) | 40 (6.0) | < 0.001 |
CCB, n (%) | 2266 (24.5) | 267 (40.3) | < 0.001 |
Diuretics, n (%) | 158 (1.7) | 23 (3.5) | 0.001 |
Surgery-related factors | |||
In fluids amount (10 ml/24 h) | 1142.1 (625.0–1542.7) | 958.8 (625.0–1533.9) | 0.769 |
Out fluids amount (10 ml/24 h) | 333.3 (145.8–604.7) | 312.5 (125.0–604.2) | 0.037 |
Emergency, n(%) | 1136 (12.3) | 144 (21.8) | < 0.001 |
General anesthesia, n (%) | 7684 (83.0) | 575 (86.9) | 0.011 |
ASA Grade: | 0.122 | ||
I | 666 (7.2) | 50 (7.6) | |
II | 5949 (64.3) | 400 (64.0) | |
III | 2638 (28.5) | 212 (32.0) | |
Surgery grade, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
0 | 480 (5.2) | 24 (3.6) | |
1 | 3222 (34.8) | 246 (37.2) | |
2 | 5284 (57.1) | 352 (53.2) | |
3 | 267 (2.9) | 40 (6.0) | |
Surgery time, n (%) | 0.393 | ||
< 2 h | 3283 (35.5) | 252 (38.1) | |
2 h–5 h | 5009 (54.1) | 346 (52.3) | |
> 5 h | 961 (10.4) | 64 (9.7) | |
Intraoperative Erythrocyte transfusion, ml (%) | < 0.001 | ||
< 100 | 6825 (73.8) | 426 (64.4) | |
100–600 | 956 (10.3) | 75 (11.3) | |
601–1000 | 716 (7.7) | 61 (9.2) | |
> 1000 | 756 (8.2) | 100 (15.1) | |
Intraoperative haemorrhage, ml (%) | < 0.001 | ||
< 100 | 2578 (27.9) | 224 (33.8) | |
101–600 | 4905 (53.0) | 296 (44.7) | |
601–1000 | 818 (8.8) | 51 (7.7%) | |
> 1000 | 952 (10.3) | 91 (13.7%) | |
Cumulative dose of flurbiprofen axetil, (mg) | 22.9 ± 47.5 | 20.5 ± 53.8 | 0.203 |
Net fluid input (10 ml/24 h) | 706.6 ± 425.4 | 682.0 ± 450.0 | 0.156 |