Table 1 Baseline demographic and laboratory characteristics of maintenance hemodialysis patients
From: Determinants of mortality in a large group of hemodialysis patients hospitalized for COVID-19
| Â | Dead (n = 93) | Discharged (n = 474) | All (n = 567) | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), median (IQR) | 66 (57-74) | 63 (52-71) | 63 (53-71) | 0.019 | |
Hemodialysis duration (year), median | Â | 4.0 (1.8-6.0) | 3.0 (1.0-6.0) | 3.0 (1.0-6.0) | 0.326 |
Gender n (%) | Female | 39 (41.9) | 232 (48.9) | 271 (47.8) | 0.196 |
Male | 54 (58.1) | 242 (51.1) | 296 (52.2) | ||
Symptoms on admission n (%) | |||||
| Â | Fever | 50 (53.8) | 257 (53.9) | 307 (53.9) | 0.984 |
| Â | Dyspnea | 78 (83.9) | 229 (48.0) | 307 (53.9) | <0.001 |
| Â | Dry cough | 53 (57.0) | 206 (43.2) | 259 (45.4) | 0.014 |
| Â | Fatigue | 51 (54.8) | 184 (38.6) | 235 (41.2) | 0.004 |
| Â | Myalgia | 25 (26.9) | 77 (16.1) | 102 (17.9) | 0.013 |
| Â | Headache | 9 (9.7) | 37 (7.8) | 46 (8.1) | 0.534 |
| Â | Sore throat | 8 (8.6) | 37 (7.8) | 45 (7.9) | 0.076 |
| Â | Anorexia | 12(12.9) | 25(5.2) | 37 (6.5) | 0.006 |
| Â | Diarrhea | 7 (7.5) | 15 (3.1) | 22 (3.9) | 0.045 |
| Â | No symptom | 1(1.1) | 42 (8.8) | 43 (7.5) | 0.01 |
COVID-19 Diagnosis | |||||
 Positive nasopharyngeal swap PCR, n (%) |  | 57 (61.3) | 214 (45.1) | 271 (47.7) | 0.004 |
 Radiological manifestations n (%) |  | 88 (94.6) | 423 (88.7) | 511 (89.6) | 0.085 |
 CT findings n (%) | Bilateral multiple lesions | 75 (80.6) | 326 (68.3) | 401 (70.4) | 0.045 |
Unilateral multiple lesions | 8 (8.6) | 44 (9.2) | 52 (9.1) | ||
Soliter lesion | 3 (3.2) | 42 (8.8) | 44 (7.7) | ||
Completely normal | 0 (0) | 25 (5.2) | 25 (4.4) | ||
 Time between first symptom-diagnosis (days), Median (IQR) | 3 (2-5) | 3 (1-4) | 3 (2-4) | 0.091 | |
 COVID-19 disease severity, n (%) | Mild-Moderate Disease | 11 (11.8) | 286 (60.3) | 297 (52.4) | 0.001 |
Severe-Critical Disease | 82 (88.2) | 188 (39.7) | 270 (47.6) | Â | |
Laboratory findings, on admission | |||||
| Â | Creatinine (mg/dl) | 6.95 (5-8.33) | 6.79 (5.3-8.77) | 6.79 (5.2-8.7) | 0.353 |
| Â | Albumin (g/dl) | 3.2 (2.87-3.6) | 3.5 (3.1-3.85) | 3.40 (3.08-3.8) | 0.001 |
| Â | Ferritin (ng/L) | 987 (520.5-2000) | 870 (500-1429) | 883 (500-1500) | 0.044 |
| Â | Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 10.4 (9.4-11.6) | 10.4 (9-11.8) | 10.4 (9.1-11.8) | 0.80 |
| Â | Lymphocyte count (mm3) | 800 (450-980) | 1000 (750-1380) | 970 (660-1352) | <0.001 |
| Â | Platelet count (x1000/mm3) | 166 (130-232) | 192 (151-246) | 186 (147-245) | 0.011 |
|  | CRP≥10 (x of upper normal value), n (%) | 72 (77.4) | 215 (45.1) | 287 (50.4) | <0.001 |
Laboratory findings, during hospitalization, n (%) | |||||
|  | LDH (>2×upper limit of normal) | 52 (60.5) | 85 (19.0) | 137 (25.7) | <0.001 |
|  | AST (>2×upper limit of normal) | 44 (49.4) | 31 (6.6) | 75 (13.5) | |
| Â | Lymphopenia (<1500/mm3) | 80 (88.9) | 264 (56.1) | 344 (61.3) | |
| Â | Thrombocytopenia (<150x103/mm3) | 39(42.4) | 102(21.7) | 141 (25.0) | |
| Â | Leukopenia (<4000/mm3) | 25 (27.5) | 90 (19.1) | 115 (20.4) | 0.06 |
| Â | Anemia (Hgb<10 g/dL) | 61 (66.3) | 230 (49.5) | 291 (52.2) | 0.003 |
Coexisting disorder, n (%) | |||||
| Â | Diabetes mellitus | 43 (47.3) | 218 (46.4) | 261 (46.5) | 0.879 |
| Â | Hypertension | 70 (79.5) | 374 (79.1) | 444 (79.1) | 0.920 |
| Â | Ischemic heart disease | 42(49.4) | 180 (42.0) | 222 (43.2) | 0.205 |
| Â | Cardiovascular disease | 48 (55.2) | 208 (48.1) | 256 (49.3) | 0.232 |
| Â | Congestive heart failure | 30 (34.9) | 90 (20.7) | 120 (23.0) | 0.004 |
| Â | COPD | 21(23.6) | 56 (12.7) | 77 (14.6) | 0.008 |
| Â | Malignancy | 6 (6.5) | 24 (5.3) | 30 (5.5) | 0.650 |
Outcomes | |||||
 Length of stay at hospital (days), median (IQR) |  | 8 (5-14) | 10 (7-14) | 9 (6-12) | 0.856 |
 ICU admission, n (%) | Yes | 89 (96.7) | 45 (9.5) | 134 (23.6) | <0.001 |
No | 3 (3.3) | 430 (90.5) | 433 (76.4) | ||
 Mechanical ventilation in ICU, n (%) | Yes | 86 (97.7) | 5 (11.6) | 91 (69.5) | <0.001 |
No | 2 (2.3) | 38 (88.4) | 40 (30.5) | ||