| |
Quartiles of total polyphenol
|
P for trend
|
|---|
|
Q1
|
Q2
|
Q3
|
Q4
|
|---|
|
Median (mg/d)
|
737
|
1201
|
1717
|
2682
| |
|
Age (year)
|
34 [26–44]
|
37 [26–46]
|
36 [27–46]
|
36 [28–47]
|
0.015
|
|
Male (%)
|
24
|
26
|
25
|
25
|
0.693
|
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
26.3 ± 4.6
|
26.3 ± 4.7
|
26.9 ± 4.8
|
27.2 ± 4.8
|
0.001
|
|
Current smoking (%)
|
24
|
29
|
24
|
23
|
0.236
|
|
Physical activity (MET/hours per week)
|
27.7 ± 46.5
|
29.9 ± 46.6
|
29.4 ± 51.3
|
31.7 ± 49.5
|
0.261
|
|
Diabetes (%)
|
27
|
31
|
13
|
29
|
0.789
|
|
Hypertension (%)
|
21
|
22
|
28
|
28
|
0.117
|
|
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)
|
76.2 ± 9.5
|
75.8 ± 10.1
|
76.1 ± 1.0
|
75.5 ± 9.5
|
0.266
|
|
Total energy intake (Kcal)
|
1756 ± 553
|
2176 ± 601
|
2417 ± 631
|
2769 ± 673
|
< 0.001
|
|
Protein (% of energy)
|
13.5 ± 2.6
|
13.7 ± 2.3
|
13.8 ± 2.3
|
13.7 ± 2.3
|
0.371
|
|
Carbohydrate (% of energy)
|
56.7 ± 7.5
|
56.3 ± 6.9
|
57.1 ± 7.2
|
59.4 ± 6.9
|
< 0.001
|
|
Fat (% of energy)
|
31.3 ± 7.6
|
32.3 ± 6.8
|
31.7 ± 7.1
|
30.4 ± 6.3
|
0.003
|
|
Whole grains (g/1000 kcal)
|
21.6 ± 25.0
|
26.8 ± 30.1
|
27.0 ± 33.3
|
27.7 ± 31.0
|
0.005
|
|
Vegetables (g/1000 kcal)
|
91.1 ± 56.1
|
115.9 ± 59.8
|
134.8 ± 75.5
|
149.7 ± 100.2
|
< 0.001
|
|
Fruits (g/1000 kcal)
|
94.0 ± 66.6
|
132.0 ± 74.1
|
174.7 ± 94.4
|
263.3 ± 130.4
|
< 0.001
|
|
Nuts (g/1000 kcal)
|
2.6 ± 3.6
|
2.8 ± 3.9
|
3.2 ± 3.8
|
4.0 ± 5.4
|
< 0.001
|
- Abbreviations: eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, MET Metabolic equivalentData are presented as mean ± s.d for continuous variables or median [IQR] and percent for categorical variables
