Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study patients, according to stages of CKD
Characteristics | Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≥ 60 (n = 31) | 45–59 (n = 16) | 30–44 (n = 11) | 15–29 (n = 15) | < 15 (n = 12) | |
Age (yr) | 51.1 ± 17.2 | 60.2 ± 15.3 | 60.4 ± 14.9 | 63.6 ± 16.5 | 67.1 ± 12.0 |
Female sex (no. [%]) | 21 (67.7) | 9 (56.3) | 7 (63.6) | 8 (53.3) | 4 (33.3) |
Diabetes (no. [%]) | 6 (19.4) | 5 (31.3) | 4 (36.4) | 4 (26.7) | 5 (41.7) |
Calcium use (no. [%]) | 8 (25.8) | 4 (25.0) | 2 (18.2) | 4 (26.7) | 4 (33.3) |
Cholecalciferol or ergocalciferol use (no. [%]) | 13 (41.9) | 6 (37.5) | 3 (27.3) | 4 (26.7) | 6 (50) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 6.0 | 26.7 ± 6.1 | 27.8 ± 5.7 | 29.5 ± 6.3 | 32.2 ± 9.2 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120.9 ± 13.7 | 127.7 ± 16.8 | 122.6 ± 21.6 | 125.7 ± 11.7 | 135.5 ± 16.0 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.6 ± 1.4 | 11.9 ± 1.7 | 11.5 ± 1.0 | 11.0 ± 2.0 | 10.6 ± 1.2 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 109 ± 23 | 113 ± 32 | 109 ± 20 | 117 ± 30 | 124 ± 42 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 16.4 ± 4.6 | 21.3 ± 5.4 | 24.9 ± 7.4 | 44.5 ± 8.5 | 54.4 ± 14.4 |
Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 88.1 ± 17.3 | 51.4 ± 4.8 | 37.1 ± 3.2 | 23.7 ± 4.4 | 12.8 ± 1.5 |
Serum sodium (mEq/L) | 140.4 ± 2.9 | 140.8 ± 1.7 | 140.2 ± 2.5 | 140.5 ± 2.4 | 141.4 ± 2.8 |
Serum potassium (mEq/L) | 4.2 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 4.5 ± 0.6 | 4.6 ± 0.3 |
Serum chloride (mEq/L) | 103.1 ± 3.0 | 103.9 ± 1.7 | 104.9 ± 4.6 | 104.3 ± 3.1 | 103.7 ± 5.8 |
Serum bicarbonate (mEq/L) | 24.5 ± 2.0 | 24.0 ± 1.4 | 22.1 ± 2.5 | 23.7 ± 4.4 | 21.9 ± 2.9 |
Corrected serum calcium (mg/dL)a | 9.5 ± 0.5 | 9.4 ± 0.4 | 9.4 ± 0.5 | 9.4 ± 0.4 | 9.3 ± 0.5 |
Serum phosphate (mg/dL) | 3.3 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 4.7 ± 0.3 |
Serum alkaline phosphatase (U/L)b | 85 (61–100) | 58 (52–91) | 64 (53–80) | 104 (70–112) | 92 (76–116) |
24-hour urine protein (mg/day)b | 227 (147–377) | 185 (135–410) | 287 (252–502) | 611 (347-2,327) | 2561 (1554–4208) |
Serum parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)b | 63 (47–85) | 66 (45–83) | 72 (46–93) | 115 (92–168) | 246 (143–393) |
Serum 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 38.8 ± 11.9 | 49.9 ± 12.3 | 37.1 ± 11.9 | 42.2 ± 13.0 | 41.8 ± 15.7 |
Serum 1,25(OH)2D (pg/mL) | 41.5 ± 12.7 | 33.5 ± 12.5 | 29.8 ± 11.6 | 21.7 ± 8.4 | 15.6 ± 1.8 |
Serum intact FGF7 (pg/mL)b | 46.1 (39.2–56.9) | 43.1 (39.0-51.5) | 47.3 (38.3–66.5) | 47.7 (37.7–55.8) | 49.6 (42.5–65.6) |
Serum intact FGF23 (pg/mL)b | 41.9 (33.0-52.7) | 56.4 (46.9–60.2) | 62.9 (50.9–79.3) | 117.5 (88.4-156.6) | 415.9 (278.3-500.9) |