Table 3 Proportional hazards analysis of 5-year association of death or cardiovascular event with eGFRstep or eGFR60 alone, and with eGFRstep or eGFR60 together with cardiovascular risk factors

 eGFRstep

1.78 (1.37, 2.31)

< 0.0001

 eGFR60

1.84 (1.54, 2.19)

< 0.0001

 Age (years)

1.07 (1.05, 1.08)

< 0.0001

1.06 (1.05, 1.08)

< 0.0001

 Male sex

1.63 (1.35, 1.97)

< 0.0001

1.65 (1.36, 1.99)

< 0.0001

 Systolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg)

1.05 (1.00, 1.11)

0.034

1.06 (1.01, 1.11)

0.022

 Antihypertensive medication

0.91 (0.69, 1.21)

0.52

0.89 (0.67, 1.17)

0.39

 Diabetes

1.54 (1.26, 1.87)

< 0.0001

1.54 (1.27, 1.87)

< 0.0001

 Log₂(body mass index, kg/m²)

1.77 (1.21, 2.61)

0.0036

1.71 (1.16, 2.52)

0.0066

 Myocardial infarction

0.96 (0.74, 1.24)

0.74

0.96 (0.74, 1.24)

0.76

 Coronary revascularisation

1.75 (1.40, 2.19)

< 0.0001

1.74 (1.39, 2.17)

< 0.0001

 Previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack

1.27 (1.00, 1.63)

0.053

1.27 (0.99, 1.62)

0.057

 Peripheral vascular disease

1.51 (1.06, 2.15)

0.022

1.49 (1.05, 2.12)

0.026

 Atrial fibrillation/flutter

1.63 (1.30, 2.05)

< 0.0001

1.65 (1.31, 2.06)

< 0.0001

 Current or former smoker

1.22 (1.02, 1.44)

0.027

1.22 (1.03, 1.45)

0.022

 eGFRstep

1.29 (0.98, 1.70)

0.067

 eGFR60

1.37 (1.13, 1.65)

0.0015