Skip to main content

Table 3 Baseline and clinical characteristics and outcomes of propensity-score matched patients at the time of dialysis initiation between patients with sodium bicarbonate and without sodium bicarbonate (n = 1184)

From: Relationship between mortality and use of sodium bicarbonate at the time of dialysis initiation: a prospective observational study

 

without sodium bicarbonate (n = 592)

with sodium bicarbonate (n = 592)

p value

Female (%)

185 (31.2)

193 (32.6)

0.663

Age (mean (SD))

67.93 (13.54)

67.53 (12.25)

0.592

Cause of CKD (%)

0.149

 Diabetes Mellitus

275 (46.5)

256 (43.2)

 

 Nephrosclerosis

150 (25.3)

138 (23.3)

 

 Others, unknown

167 (28.2)

198 (33.4)

 

Past history

 Diabetes Mellitus (%)

309 (52.2)

291 (49.2)

0.323

 CAD (%)

102 (17.3)

93 (15.7)

0.506

 PAD (%)

35 (5.9)

24 (4.1)

0.182

 Atrial fibrillation (%)

46 (7.8)

26 (4.4)

0.020

 Admission of HF (%)

125 (21.1)

103 (17.4)

0.122

 Aortic Dissection (%)

35 (5.9)

29 (4.9)

0.516

 Malignancy (%)

64 (10.8)

71 (12.0)

0.583

 Stroke (%)

70 (11.8)

41 (6.9)

0.005

X-ray

 CTR (mean (SD))

55.14 (7.02)

54.95 (7.31)

0.648

Cardiac ultrasonography

 EF (mean (SD))

61.18 (11.75)

61.44 (11.79)

0.734

Administration

 Spironolactone (%)

24 (4.1)

33 (5.6)

0.277

 DRI (%)

20 (3.4)

31 (5.2)

0.152

 CCB (%)

472 (79.7)

498 (84.1)

0.059

 Loop (%)

417 (70.4)

396 (66.9)

0.210

 Thiazide (%)

151 (25.5)

122 (20.6)

0.053

 ARBACEI (%)

366 (61.8)

370 (62.5)

0.857

 BB (%)

220 (37.2)

199 (33.6)

0.224

 Statin (%)

238 (40.2)

250 (42.2)

0.516

 VDRA (%)

143 (24.2)

204 (34.5)

< 0.001

 Anti Platelet (%)

197 (33.3)

168 (28.4)

0.078

 ESA (%)

557 (94.1)

558 (94.3)

1.000

Laboratory data

 WBC (/uL) (mean (SD))

6555 (2711)

6344 (2607)

0.173

 Hb (g/dL) (mean (SD))

9.42 (1.52)

9.46 (1.41)

0.638

 Plt (10,000/uL) (mean (SD))

18.00 (7.29)

17.84 (6.70)

0.706

 Alb (g/dL) (mean (SD))

3.20 (0.58)

3.24 (0.60)

0.203

 BUN (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

94.56 (29.33)

88.00 (27.03)

< 0.001

 Cr (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

8.92 (2.93)

9.08 (2.89)

0.346

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) (mean (SD))

5.34 (1.74)

5.22 (1.90)

0.289

 Na (mEq/L) (mean (SD))

137.9 (4.2)

138.1 (4.4)

0.546

 K (mEq/L) (mean (SD))

4.51 (0.83)

4.53 (0.80)

0.784

 Adjusted Ca (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

8.67 (1.02)

8.56 (1.04)

0.064

 P (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

6.38 (1.89)

6.24 (1.70)

0.174

 Mg (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

2.18 (0.48)

2.14 (0.46)

0.177

 UA (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

9.05 (2.39)

8.50 (2.19)

< 0.001

 LDL-C (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

88 (32)

90 (35)

0.241

 CRP (mg/dL) (mean (SD))

1.54 (3.67)

1.75 (4.41)

0.397

 β2MG (ug/dL) (mean (SD))

19.37 (5.58)

19.15 (5.84)

0.623

 TSAT (%) (mean (SD))

27.73 (16.77)

26.15 (15.72)

0.136

 Ferritin (ng/dL) (median [IQR])

129.00 [68.00, 227.25]

112.00 [56.15, 197.50]

0.006

 pH (mean (SD))

7.34 (0.08)

7.35 (0.07)

0.012

 HCO3 (mEql/L) (mean (SD))

19.46 (5.07)

20.37 (4.36)

0.003

Other

 HF symptoms at admission (%)

168 (28.6)

165 (27.9)

0.840

Outcome

 CVD-related death (%)

35 (6.0)

31 (5.3)

0.714

 infection-related death (%)

25 (4.2)

17 (2.9)

0.271

 All-cause death (%)

112 (18.9)

83 (14.0)

0.028

  1. ARBACEI angiotensin receptor blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, Adjusted Ca adjusted calcium, Alb albumin, BB beta blocker, BUN blood urea nitrogen, β2MG beta-2 microglobulin, CAD coronary artery disease, CCB calcium channel blocker, CKD chronic kidney disease, Cr creatinine, CRP C-reactive protein, CTR cardiothoracic ratio, CVD cardiovascular disease, DRI direct renin inhibitor, EF ejection fraction, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ESA erythropoietin stimulating agent, Hb hemoglobin, HCO3 bicarbonate, HF heart failure, IQR interquartile range, K potassium, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Mg magnesium, Na sodium, P phosphate, PAD peripheral arterial disease, Plt platelet, SD standard deviation, TSAT transferrin saturation, UA uric acid, VDRA vitamin D receptor agonist, WBC white blood cells